Defence
The reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes in panchayats under Article 243D does not apply to the state of:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ▾Hide ▴
Answer: Option B — Arunachal Pradesh
Detailed Solution
The 83rd Constitutional Amendment Act provided that the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes in panchayats under Article 243D shall not apply to the state of Arunachal Pradesh.
Why the exemption was made:
- Arunachal Pradesh is a tribal state, and there is no Scheduled Caste population in the state.
- So reservation for Scheduled Castes in panchayats is not needed there.
- The exemption was added by inserting a new clause, Article 243M(3A).
Reservation under Article 243D:
- Seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in every panchayat in proportion to their population in the area.
- Not less than one-third of the seats are reserved for women, including women of these communities.
- Offices of chairpersons are also reserved for these groups and for women, as provided by state law.
- States may also provide reservation for backward classes.
Arunachal Pradesh's population:
The state has a majority Scheduled Tribe population, with more than 25 major tribes, such as the Adi, Nyishi, Apatani, Monpa and Mishmi.
Panchayati Raj in Arunachal Pradesh:
- The state has a two-tier or three-tier structure of panchayats under its own law.
- Panchayats exist alongside traditional village councils, such as the Kebang of the Adi tribe.
Other exemptions under Article 243M:
- Part IX does not apply to Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram, or to scheduled and tribal areas, except as extended by Parliament.
- The hill areas of Manipur and the Darjeeling district of West Bengal have their own arrangements.
About Arunachal Pradesh:
- It became a Union territory in 1972 and a full state in 1987.
- Its capital is Itanagar.
- It shares borders with Bhutan, China and Myanmar.
- Article 371H gives special responsibility to the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh for law and order.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Assam, Tripura and Sikkim have reservation for Scheduled Castes in panchayats as per Article 243D.
Quick tip
Remember: No SC reservation in panchayats in Arunachal Pradesh (83rd Amendment, Article 243M(3A)).
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Panchayati Raj & Municipalities — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Panchayati Raj & Municipalities, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers local self-government in India: the Balwant Rai Mehta and Ashok Mehta committees, the 73rd Amendment on panchayats (Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule), the 74th Amendment on municipalities (Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule), and state election commissions and finance commissions. Questions commonly ask which state first adopted Panchayati Raj (Rajasthan, at Nagaur in 1959), which committee recommended the three-tier system, and what the 73rd and 74th Amendments provide, such as reservation for women of not less than one-third of seats. The Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects and the Twelfth lists 18. Practise the Panchayati Raj and municipalities questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.