Single citizenship, an integrated judicial system and the appointment of State Governors by the Centre are examples of which kind of features of the Indian Constitution?

Single citizenship, an integrated judicial system and the appointment of the State Governors by the Centre are unitary (non-federal) features of the Indian Constitution.

What these features mean:

• Single citizenship: All Indians are citizens of India only; there is no separate citizenship of the states, unlike in the USA.
• Integrated judiciary: There is a single system of courts, with the Supreme Court at the top, the High Courts below it, and the subordinate courts under them; the same courts enforce both central and state laws.

Appointment of Governors: The Governor of a state is appointed by the President (that is, by the Central government), and holds office during the pleasure of the President; he acts as the agent of the Centre in some matters.

Other unitary features:

• A strong Centre: The Union has more and more important subjects, and the residuary powers.
• States not indestructible: Parliament can change the area, boundaries or names of the states, or form new states, without their consent.
• Single constitution: The Union and the States (with a historical exception) are governed by a single Constitution.
• Flexibility: Much of the Constitution can be amended by Parliament alone.
• Unequal representation of states in the Rajya Sabha: States are represented according to their population, not equally.
• Emergency provisions: During an emergency, the Centre becomes all-powerful, and the federal system can be converted into a unitary one.
• Integrated audit and election machinery: The Comptroller and Auditor-General and the Election Commission serve both the Centre and the States.
• Veto over state bills: The Governor can reserve certain state bills for the consideration of the President.

Why these features were included:

The makers of the Constitution wanted to keep the country united and strong after partition and the integration of the princely states.

Why not the other options?

• ✗These are not federal, presidential or socialist features.