Railway
The Banaras Hindu University (BHU), founded in 1916, is located in:
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Answer: Option A — Uttar Pradesh
Detailed Solution
The Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
About BHU:
- It was founded in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant, the Maharaja of Darbhanga Rameshwar Singh, and many others.
- It was established under the Banaras Hindu University Act, 1915, passed by the Imperial Legislative Council.
- Its foundation stone was laid on 4 February 1916 (Vasant Panchami) by the Viceroy, Lord Hardinge.
- It grew out of the Central Hindu College, which Annie Besant had founded in Varanasi in 1898.
It is one of the largest residential universities in Asia, with a main campus of about 1,300 acres. Its second campus at Barkachha, Mirzapur, is even larger.
It is a central university and was declared an "Institution of Eminence" in 2019.
It has institutes of medical sciences, agriculture, management, and humanities and sciences, as well as the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), which became an IIT in 2012.
Its campus has the "Bharat Kala Bhavan" museum and the "New Vishwanath Temple" built by the Birla family.
Its motto is "Vidyayamritamashnute" ("Knowledge gives immortality").
At BHU's opening ceremony in 1916, Mahatma Gandhi gave a famous speech criticising the luxury of Indian princes and calling for self-rule and the use of Indian languages.
About Madan Mohan Malaviya (1861-1946):
- He was born in Allahabad.
- He was called "Mahamana".
- He was President of the Indian National Congress four times (1909, 1918, 1932 and 1933).
- He founded the newspaper "The Leader" (1909) and helped start the "Hindustan Times", serving as its chairman.
- He popularised the slogan "Satyameva Jayate", now India's national motto.
- He received the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2015.
Other central universities founded in the early 20th century:
- Aligarh Muslim University (AMU): grew from the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan; became a university in 1920.
- University of Delhi: 1922.
- Visva-Bharati: Santiniketan, founded by Rabindranath Tagore in 1921.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Bihar has Patna University and the new Nalanda University.
Madhya Pradesh has the Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Sagar).
Uttarakhand has the Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University.
Quick tip
Remember: BHU = Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh (founded 1916 by Madan Mohan Malaviya "Mahamana"; BHU Act 1915; grew from Annie Besant's Central Hindu College, 1898); AMU = Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.
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Scientific Research Institutes & Organisations — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Scientific Research Institutes & Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers India's scientific research institutes and organisations, such as BARC, ISRO, DRDO, CSIR and its laboratories, ICAR and ICMR, and specialised research centres for crops, animals, oceans and medicine, along with where they are located. Questions usually ask where an institute is located and what it researches. For example, BARC is in Mumbai, the Central Rice Research Institute is in Cuttack, and the National Institute of Oceanography is in Goa. A table of institute, city and field is the best way to revise this topic. Practise the research institutes questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.