SSC
The Forest Research Institute (FRI) was established as the Imperial Forest Research Institute at Dehradun in:
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Answer: Option B — 1906
Detailed Solution
The Forest Research Institute (FRI) at Dehradun, Uttarakhand, was established in 1906 as the "Imperial Forest Research Institute".
About the Forest Research Institute:
- Its history goes back to the "Imperial Forest School", which was set up in Dehradun in 1878 by Sir Dietrich Brandis, the first Inspector General of Forests in India, to train forest rangers.
- It was renamed the Imperial Forest Research Institute in 1906, to carry out research in forestry.
Its main building, built in the Greco-Roman and colonial architectural style, was inaugurated in 1929. It is one of the largest brick buildings in the world and stands on a large campus of about 450 hectares, with the Himalayan foothills as the background.
The campus has six museums on forestry: pathology, social forestry, silviculture, timber, non-wood forest products and entomology.
It was declared a "deemed university" in 1991, and it offers master's and doctoral programmes in forestry and environmental sciences.
It is under the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), set up in 1986 and headquartered in Dehradun. ICFRE works under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
Its research covers silviculture (growing trees), forest ecology, wood science, forest products, forest protection (against pests and diseases), and climate change.
The Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), which trains officers of the Indian Forest Service (IFoS), is located on the FRI campus.
It has appeared in many films because of its beautiful building and grounds.
Other ICFRE institutes:
- Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB): Coimbatore.
- Institute of Wood Science and Technology (IWST): Bengaluru.
- Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI): Jabalpur.
- Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI): Jodhpur.
- Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI): Jorhat.
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute (HFRI): Shimla.
Other important institutions in Dehradun:
Survey of India (headquarters), Wildlife Institute of India (1982), Indian Military Academy (1932), Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology and the Rashtriya Indian Military College.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1878 is the year the Imperial Forest School was set up in Dehradun.
- ✗1929 is the year the FRI's main building was inaugurated.
- ✗1986 is the year ICFRE was set up.
Quick tip
Remember: Forest Research Institute, Dehradun = 1906 (as Imperial FRI; Forest School 1878 by Dietrich Brandis; main building 1929; deemed university 1991; under ICFRE, 1986); IGNFA trains IFoS officers on the FRI campus.
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Scientific Research Institutes & Organisations — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Scientific Research Institutes & Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers India's scientific research institutes and organisations, such as BARC, ISRO, DRDO, CSIR and its laboratories, ICAR and ICMR, and specialised research centres for crops, animals, oceans and medicine, along with where they are located. Questions usually ask where an institute is located and what it researches. For example, BARC is in Mumbai, the Central Rice Research Institute is in Cuttack, and the National Institute of Oceanography is in Goa. A table of institute, city and field is the best way to revise this topic. Practise the research institutes questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.