SSC
The Naujawan Bharat Sabha was founded in 1926 by:
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Answer: Option A — Bhagat Singh
Detailed Solution
The Naujawan Bharat Sabha ("Youth Society of India") was founded by Bhagat Singh in March 1926 at Lahore, with the help of his comrades such as Bhagwati Charan Vohra, Sukhdev and Yashpal. Its aim was to organise young people, workers and peasants for the freedom struggle and to spread revolutionary and socialist ideas. It worked openly, as the public face of the revolutionaries, holding meetings and spreading political awareness, while the underground organisation carried out armed actions.
Bhagat Singh (1907-1931) was born at Banga in Lyallpur district of Punjab (now in Pakistan). He was deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919. He became a member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), which had been founded in 1924 by Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad Bismil and others. In September 1928, at a meeting at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi, the HRA was renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), adopting socialism as its goal. Chandrashekhar Azad became its commander-in-chief.
Important actions of Bhagat Singh and his comrades:
In December 1928, to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, who had died after a police lathi charge during an anti-Simon Commission protest, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Chandrashekhar Azad shot dead J.P. Saunders, an assistant superintendent of police, in Lahore (they had mistaken him for J.A. Scott).
On 8 April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw harmless bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi.
Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were tried in the Lahore Conspiracy Case and were hanged at Lahore jail on 23 March 1931. This day is observed as Shaheed Diwas (Martyrs' Day) in their memory.
Bhagat Singh popularised the slogan "Inquilab Zindabad" ("Long live the revolution"), coined by Hasrat Mohani, and wrote the famous essay "Why I am an Atheist" (1930).
Why not the other options?
- ✗Chandrashekhar Azad was the commander of the HSRA; he died in Alfred Park, Allahabad (1931).
- ✗Sachindra Nath Sanyal founded the Hindustan Republican Association (1924).
- ✗Ram Prasad Bismil led the Kakori train action (1925).
Quick tip
Remember: Naujawan Bharat Sabha = Bhagat Singh (Lahore, 1926); HRA (1924, Sanyal) became HSRA (1928); Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru hanged on 23 March 1931 (Shaheed Diwas).
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Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the revolutionary side of the freedom struggle in India and abroad: groups such as the Anushilan Samiti, the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen, and Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Questions often ask about an incident and the people involved, such as the Kakori train action (1925), the Lahore Conspiracy Case, the Chittagong armoury raid (1930) and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929). Also learn the founders and headquarters of revolutionary groups formed abroad, such as the Ghadar Party in San Francisco. Practise the revolutionaries questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.