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Question 67 of 131 · Rivers, Lakes & Dams of India
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The Gandhi Sagar Dam in Madhya Pradesh is built on the river:

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Answer: Option A — Chambal

Detailed Solution

The Gandhi Sagar Dam is built on the Chambal river in the Mandsaur district of Madhya Pradesh, near the border with Rajasthan. It was completed in 1960.

The Chambal Valley Project:

  • The Gandhi Sagar Dam is the first of three dams built under the Chambal Valley Project, a joint venture of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
  • Gandhi Sagar Dam (Madhya Pradesh): the uppermost dam, with a large reservoir.
  • Rana Pratap Sagar Dam (Rawatbhata, Rajasthan).
  • Jawahar Sagar Dam (Kota district, Rajasthan).
  • Kota Barrage (Kota, Rajasthan): diverts water into canals for irrigation in both states.
  • The project provides irrigation and hydroelectric power.

Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary:

  • The area around the reservoir is the Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • In 2025, cheetahs were moved from Kuno National Park to Gandhi Sagar, making it the second home for cheetahs in India under Project Cheetah.

About the Chambal river:

  • It rises in the Vindhya Range near Mhow, in the Indore district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It flows north and north-east through Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, and then forms the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
  • It joins the Yamuna in the Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • It is about 960 km long and is one of the main right-bank tributaries of the Yamuna.
  • Its tributaries include the Banas, Kali Sindh, Parbati, Shipra and Mej.

Badlands:

The lower Chambal valley is famous for its deeply eroded ravines (badlands), formed by gully erosion of soft soils.

National Chambal Sanctuary:

  • A long stretch of the river is protected as the National Chambal Sanctuary, spread across Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
  • It is the main home of the critically endangered gharial, and is also home to the Ganges river dolphin, the red-crowned roof turtle and many birds.
  • The Chambal is considered one of the least polluted rivers of India.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The Narmada, Betwa and Ken have other dams, such as Sardar Sarovar (Narmada) and Rajghat (Betwa).

Quick tip

Remember: Gandhi Sagar Dam (Mandsaur, MP) = Chambal; Chambal Valley Project = Gandhi Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar, Jawahar Sagar, Kota Barrage.

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Rivers, Lakes & Dams of India — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Rivers, Lakes & Dams of India, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers India's drainage system: the Himalayan rivers (the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra systems), the peninsular rivers (Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada, Tapi and Mahanadi), their tributaries and origins, waterfalls, lakes, and the major dams and multipurpose river projects. Exams ask about the origin of a river, its tributaries, the cities on its banks, and the river on which a dam is built. For example, the Bhakra Nangal Dam is on the Sutlej, the Hirakud Dam on the Mahanadi, and the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada. Remember that the Narmada and Tapi flow west into the Arabian Sea, while most peninsular rivers flow east. Practise the rivers, lakes and dams of India questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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