After the Third Anglo-Maratha War, the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II, was sent away on a pension to:

After the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818), the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II, surrendered to the British and was sent away with a pension to Bithur, near Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh.

About Baji Rao II:

• He was the son of Raghunath Rao (Raghoba), and became Peshwa in 1795.
• He was a weak ruler, and the Maratha confederacy was divided by rivalries among the chiefs (Scindia, Holkar, Bhonsle, Gaekwad).
• In 1802, after being defeated by Yashwant Rao Holkar, he signed a treaty with the British accepting the Subsidiary Alliance.
• This led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805), in which the British defeated the Scindia and the Bhonsle.

The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818):

• Baji Rao II tried to free himself from British control and attacked the British Residency at Pune in 1817.
• He was defeated at the battles of Khadki (Kirkee) and Koregaon (Bhima Koregaon) in 1818.
• He surrendered to Sir John Malcolm in June 1818.
• The office of Peshwa was abolished.

His pension and exile:

• He was given an annual pension of 8 lakh rupees and sent to live at Bithur, on the Ganga.
• He lived there until his death in 1851.
• After his death, the British refused to continue the pension to his family.

About Bithur:

• It is a small town on the Ganga, about 20 km from Kanpur.
• It is associated with the Ramayana tradition (the hermitage of Valmiki, according to legend).
• It was a centre of the Revolt of 1857.
• A small state of Satara was created for the descendant of Shivaji, Pratap Singh, as a puppet ruler.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Satara was given to Shivaji's descendant.
• ✗Pune was the Peshwa's capital.
• ✗Gwalior was the seat of the Scindias.