Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was executed in Delhi on the orders of Aurangzeb in the year:

Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was executed in Delhi on the orders of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in November 1675.

About Guru Tegh Bahadur:

• He was born in 1621 at Amritsar, the youngest son of Guru Hargobind.
• His original name was Tyag Mal; he was given the name Tegh Bahadur ("brave of the sword") for his bravery in battle.
• He became the ninth Guru in 1664.
• He travelled widely in north and east India, including Bihar, Bengal and Assam.
• He founded the town of Chak Nanaki, which later became Anandpur Sahib.
• His hymns (115 in number) are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

Why he was executed:

• According to Sikh tradition, a group of Kashmiri Pandits came to the Guru for help, as they were being forced to convert to Islam by the Mughal governor of Kashmir.
• The Guru decided to defend their right to practise their religion.
• He was arrested and brought to Delhi, where he was asked to convert to Islam or perform a miracle.
• He refused, and was executed at Chandni Chowk in Delhi.
• Three of his followers, Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala, were also executed.

His legacy:

• He is called "Hind di Chadar" ("Shield of India") for sacrificing his life to defend the freedom of religion of others.
• The Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib in Chandni Chowk marks the place of his martyrdom.
• The Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib, near Parliament House, marks the place where his body was cremated.
• His martyrdom day is observed by Sikhs every year.

After his death:

• His son, Gobind Rai (later Guru Gobind Singh), became the tenth Guru at the age of nine.
• The execution strengthened the resolve of the Sikhs to resist Mughal oppression.

Why not the other options?

• ✗1606 was the year of Guru Arjan Dev's martyrdom.
• ✗1699 was the year the Khalsa was founded.
• ✗1708 was the year Guru Gobind Singh died.