SSC
Which Vijayanagara ruler married his daughter to the Bahmani Sultan Firuz Shah?
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Answer: Option D — Deva Raya I
Detailed Solution
Deva Raya I (ruled about 1406-1422) was a ruler of the Sangama dynasty of Vijayanagara. Early in his reign, he fought a war with the Bahmani Sultan Firuz Shah (Tajuddin Firuz Shah, ruled 1397-1422). The war arose partly because of disputes over the Raichur Doab and, according to the chronicler Ferishta, a story about Deva Raya's attempt to seize a beautiful goldsmith's daughter of Mudgal.
Deva Raya I was defeated. To make peace, he agreed to pay a large indemnity and to give his daughter in marriage to Firuz Shah, along with the fort of Bankapur as dowry. The marriage was celebrated with great pomp. However, the peace did not last; the two kingdoms continued to fight over the fertile Raichur Doab. Later in his reign, Deva Raya I defeated Firuz Shah in 1419-20 at Pangal.
Deva Raya I is also remembered for building a dam across the Tungabhadra river and canals to bring water to the capital, Vijayanagara, and for improving irrigation. During his reign, the Italian traveller Niccolò de' Conti visited Vijayanagara (around 1420) and wrote about its grandeur.
The Bahmani Sultanate was founded in 1347 by Alauddin Hasan Bahman Shah (Hasan Gangu), a rebel noble of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, with its first capital at Gulbarga (Kalaburagi), later shifted to Bidar by Ahmad Shah I. The Bahmani kingdom reached its peak under the minister Mahmud Gawan, a Persian scholar who built a famous madrasa at Bidar; he was executed in 1481 because of court intrigues. From the 1490s onwards, the Bahmani kingdom broke up into five Deccan Sultanates: Bijapur (Adil Shahi), Golconda (Qutb Shahi), Ahmadnagar (Nizam Shahi), Bidar (Barid Shahi) and Berar (Imad Shahi).
Vijayanagara and the Bahmanis fought almost continuously for about 150 years, mainly over the Raichur Doab, between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers, which was rich in fertile land and diamond mines.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Krishnadeva Raya (Tuluva dynasty) defeated the Sultan of Bijapur at Raichur in 1520.
- ✗Harihara II was an earlier Sangama ruler.
- ✗Achyuta Deva Raya succeeded Krishnadeva Raya in 1529.
Quick tip
Remember: Deva Raya I gave his daughter in marriage to Firuz Shah Bahmani (Bankapur as dowry); Bahmani founded 1347 (Hasan Gangu, Gulbarga); Mahmud Gawan's madrasa at Bidar; five Deccan Sultanates.
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Vijayanagara & Bahmani Kingdoms — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Vijayanagara & Bahmani Kingdoms, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the Vijayanagara Empire, founded by Harihara and Bukka in 1336, and the Bahmani Sultanate, founded by Alauddin Hasan Bahman Shah in 1347, along with the Deccan sultanates that followed. It includes their rulers, administration, architecture and the accounts of foreign travellers. The most tested ruler is Krishnadevaraya of the Tuluva dynasty, a patron of Telugu literature and author of Amuktamalyada. Other common questions cover the Battle of Talikota (1565), the Vijayanagara capital Hampi, and the foreign travellers who visited, such as Nicolo Conti, Abdur Razzaq and Domingo Paes. Practise the Vijayanagara and Bahmani kingdoms questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.