SSC
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is known as the:
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Answer: Option B — 'Father of Bangladesh' (Bangabandhu)
Detailed Solution
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920-1975) was the founding leader of Bangladesh. He is popularly called "Bangabandhu", meaning "Friend of Bengal", and is regarded as the Father of the Nation in Bangladesh.
Mujib was born on 17 March 1920 at Tungipara, in the Gopalganj district of present-day Bangladesh. He became active in student politics and joined the Muslim League in the 1940s. After the Partition of India in 1947, East Bengal became part of Pakistan as East Pakistan. Mujib was an important leader of the Awami League, which was founded in 1949 and championed the rights and autonomy of the people of East Pakistan, who felt neglected and discriminated against by West Pakistan in politics, the economy and language.
Key events in his career:
- In 1966, he announced the Six-Point Movement, demanding greater autonomy for East Pakistan.
- In 1968, he was charged in the Agartala Conspiracy Case but was released after mass protests.
In the 1970 general elections, the Awami League won an absolute majority in Pakistan's National Assembly, winning 160 of 162 seats in East Pakistan. However, the military rulers and West Pakistani leaders refused to transfer power.
On 7 March 1971, at the Racecourse ground in Dhaka, Mujib gave a historic speech declaring, "The struggle this time is the struggle for our freedom." This speech was added to UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2017.
On 25-26 March 1971, the Pakistani army launched a brutal crackdown (Operation Searchlight), and Mujib was arrested. Bangladesh's independence was declared on 26 March 1971. After a nine-month liberation war, with India's support, Bangladesh became independent on 16 December 1971.
Mujib returned to Dhaka on 10 January 1972, via London and New Delhi, and became the Prime Minister and later the President of Bangladesh. On 15 August 1975, he and most of his family were assassinated in a military coup. His daughters Sheikh Hasina and Sheikh Rehana survived because they were abroad. Sheikh Hasina later served as Prime Minister of Bangladesh for many years, until August 2024.
India awarded Mujib the Gandhi Peace Prize posthumously in 2020.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Muhammad Ali Jinnah is called the father of Pakistan (Quaid-e-Azam).
- ✗The first President of Pakistan was Iskander Mirza (1956).
- ✗Mujib led the Awami League, but his title is Father of Bangladesh.
Quick tip
Remember: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman = Bangabandhu, Father of Bangladesh, Six-Point Movement (1966), 7 March 1971 speech (UNESCO Memory of the World, 2017), assassinated 15 August 1975; Gandhi Peace Prize 2020.
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World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers world GK: countries with their capitals, currencies and parliaments, national symbols, famous landmarks, the longest, largest and highest features of the world, and international boundary lines such as the Radcliffe, McMahon and Durand Lines. The most common questions match a country with its capital or currency, or a parliament with its name (such as the Knesset of Israel or the Diet of Japan). Revise countries continent by continent, giving extra attention to India's neighbours. Questions on boundary lines usually ask which two countries a line separates. Practise the world GK questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.