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The Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) of India is located in:
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Answer: Option B — Shimla
Detailed Solution
The ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) has its headquarters in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.
About the CPRI:
- It was established in 1949 at Patna, Bihar, and its headquarters was moved to Shimla in 1956.
- It works under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
- It is one of the largest potato research institutes in the world.
It has regional research stations in different parts of India, such as Modipuram (Meerut, UP), Jalandhar (Punjab), Gwalior (MP), Patna (Bihar), Shillong (Meghalaya) and Ooty (Tamil Nadu), as well as at Kufri (Himachal Pradesh).
It has developed more than 70 potato varieties, most of which are named "Kufri" after its research station at Kufri, near Shimla (for example, "Kufri Jyoti", "Kufri Bahar", "Kufri Pukhraj", "Kufri Chipsona" for making chips, and "Kufri Sindhuri").
It developed technologies for producing disease-free "seed potatoes", such as the "Seed Plot Technique" and aeroponics.
It works on potato diseases such as "late blight".
About potatoes in India:
- India is the second-largest producer of potatoes in the world, after China.
- Uttar Pradesh is the largest potato-producing state, followed by West Bengal and Bihar.
- In India, potatoes are mainly grown as a rabi crop in the northern plains.
- Potatoes were introduced to India by Portuguese traders in the 17th century.
Agra (UP) and Jalandhar (Punjab) are major potato-growing and trading centres. Jalandhar is known for producing seed potatoes.
The International Potato Center (CIP) is located in Lima, Peru (the potato originated in the Andes of South America). In 2023, the government approved the establishment of a CIP South Asia Regional Centre at Agra.
Other ICAR horticultural institutes:
- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research: Bengaluru.
- Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture: Lucknow.
- Indian Institute of Vegetable Research: Varanasi.
- Central Tuber Crops Research Institute: Thiruvananthapuram (for cassava and sweet potato).
Why not the other options?
- ✗Agra is a major potato-growing area and will host the CIP South Asia Regional Centre.
- ✗Jalandhar is known for seed potatoes.
- ✗Patna was where the CPRI was first established in 1949.
Quick tip
Remember: Central Potato Research Institute = Shimla (ICAR; set up 1949 at Patna, moved 1956; "Kufri" varieties); India = second-largest potato producer; UP = largest; CIP = Lima, Peru (regional centre at Agra).
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This question tests your understanding of Agriculture in India, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers agriculture in India: cropping seasons (kharif, rabi and zaid), major food and cash crops and their leading producer states, irrigation, the Green, White, Blue and other agricultural revolutions, and allied activities such as animal husbandry and fisheries. Questions usually ask which crop belongs to which season, which state is the largest producer of a crop, and which revolution relates to which product. For example, the White Revolution relates to milk and was led by Verghese Kurien, and the Blue Revolution relates to fisheries. Producer rankings can change from year to year, so check the latest data for those questions. Practise the agriculture in India questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.