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The National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) project was launched by:
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Answer: Option B — Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
Detailed Solution
NICRA (originally the National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture, later renamed National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture) was launched by ICAR in February 2011, with funding from the Ministry of Agriculture.
Objectives of NICRA:
- To make Indian agriculture, including crops, livestock and fisheries, more resilient to climate change and climate variability, through strategic research and the use of technology.
- To demonstrate site-specific technologies on farmers' fields to help them cope with current climate risks.
- To strengthen the capacity of scientists and other stakeholders in climate-resilient agricultural research.
Components of NICRA:
Strategic research on adaptation and mitigation in crops, horticulture, livestock, fisheries and natural resource management.
Technology demonstration on farmers' fields in climatically vulnerable districts, through Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs). Selected villages are developed as "climate resilient villages".
Sponsored and competitive research grants to fill critical research gaps.
Nodal institute:
The Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), Hyderabad, is the nodal institute for implementing NICRA.
Climate-resilient practices promoted:
Drought- and flood-tolerant crop varieties, changes in sowing dates, water harvesting and recycling, conservation agriculture, community seed banks, fodder banks, and weather-based agro-advisories.
About ICAR:
- ICAR is the apex body for coordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture, horticulture, fisheries and animal sciences in India.
- It was set up on 16 July 1929 as the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, on the recommendation of the Royal Commission on Agriculture (1928).
- It is an autonomous body under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, and has its headquarters in New Delhi.
- It has a network of over 100 institutes and over 70 agricultural universities, and it runs the Krishi Vigyan Kendras.
Why not the other options?
- ✗NABARD is the apex development bank for agriculture and rural areas; it provides credit and manages some climate funds.
- ✗The India Meteorological Department provides weather forecasts and agro-meteorological advisories, but did not launch NICRA.
- ✗Good to know
- ✗ISRO provides satellite data used for crop monitoring, but did not launch NICRA.
Quick tip
Remember: NICRA = ICAR (2011), nodal institute CRIDA Hyderabad, "climate resilient villages"; ICAR set up in 1929.
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This question tests your understanding of Agriculture in India, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
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