SSC
What is the full form of IADP, an agricultural programme of the 1960s?
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Answer: Option A — Intensive Agricultural District Programme
Detailed Solution
IADP stands for the "Intensive Agricultural District Programme", started in India in 1960-61.
About IADP:
It was started on the recommendation of a team of experts sponsored by the Ford Foundation, whose report "India's Food Crisis and Steps to Meet It" (1959) warned of food shortages.
It was also called the "Package Programme", because it provided farmers with a "package" of inputs and services together: improved seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, credit, better implements, irrigation and technical advice.
It was first launched in seven selected districts that had assured irrigation and good potential: West Godavari (Andhra Pradesh), Shahabad (Bihar), Raipur (Madhya Pradesh, now Chhattisgarh), Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu), Ludhiana (Punjab), Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh) and Pali (Rajasthan). It was later extended to a few more districts.
Its aim was to increase agricultural production quickly by concentrating resources in areas with the best potential.
"Intensive Agricultural Area Programme" (IAAP):
It was launched in 1964-65 as an extension of the IADP to more areas, but on a smaller scale.
Importance:
The IADP was a forerunner of the "Green Revolution".
The Green Revolution began in 1966-67 with the "High Yielding Varieties Programme" (HYVP), using new high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice (such as wheat varieties developed from Norman Borlaug's dwarf wheat, and IR8 rice).
- S. Swaminathan is called the "Father of the Green Revolution in India". C. Subramaniam was the Union Agriculture Minister who supported it.
Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh benefited most.
Other agricultural programmes:
- Community Development Programme (1952).
- Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP, 1973).
- Command Area Development Programme (CADP, 1974).
- Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP, 1978-80).
Why not the other options?
- ✗"Integrated Agricultural Development Project" is not the correct expansion.
- ✗"Indian Agricultural Development Plan" is not the correct expansion.
- ✗"Intensive Area Development Programme" is not the correct expansion.
Quick tip
Remember: IADP = Intensive Agricultural District Programme (1960-61; "Package Programme"; Ford Foundation; started in seven districts); IAAP = 1964-65; HYVP = 1966-67 (start of the Green Revolution).
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Agriculture in India — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Agriculture in India, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers agriculture in India: cropping seasons (kharif, rabi and zaid), major food and cash crops and their leading producer states, irrigation, the Green, White, Blue and other agricultural revolutions, and allied activities such as animal husbandry and fisheries. Questions usually ask which crop belongs to which season, which state is the largest producer of a crop, and which revolution relates to which product. For example, the White Revolution relates to milk and was led by Verghese Kurien, and the Blue Revolution relates to fisheries. Producer rankings can change from year to year, so check the latest data for those questions. Practise the agriculture in India questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.