SSC
'Tabaqat-i-Nasiri', a history in Persian of the early Delhi Sultanate, was written by:
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Answer: Option C — Minhaj-us-Siraj
Detailed Solution
"Tabaqat-i-Nasiri" was written in Persian by the historian Minhaj-us-Siraj (Minhaj-i-Siraj Juzjani), and completed in about 1260 CE.
About Minhaj-us-Siraj:
- He was born in 1193 at Firozkoh (or in Juzjan), in the Ghurid territory of Afghanistan.
- He came to India in 1227, escaping the Mongol invasions, and first served Nasiruddin Qabacha at Uch.
- He then joined the service of Iltutmish at Delhi.
- He served as the chief qazi (Qazi-ul-Quzat) of Delhi under Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud.
- He was a close associate of Balban.
About the Tabaqat-i-Nasiri:
- It was named after, and dedicated to, Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud (1246-1266).
- "Tabaqat" means "layers" or "generations"; the book is arranged in 23 sections (tabaqat), dealing with different dynasties.
- It is a general history of the Islamic world, from the early prophets and caliphs to the Ghaznavids, the Ghurids, the Delhi Sultans and the Mongols.
- It is the most important contemporary source for the history of the Ghurid conquest of India and the early Delhi Sultanate (the Mamluk or "slave" dynasty), up to 1260.
- It describes the reigns of Qutbuddin Aibak, Iltutmish and Raziya, and the career of Balban.
- It also contains valuable information about the Mongol invasions of Central Asia.
His views:
- He wrote from the point of view of a loyal servant of the Sultans, and praised Balban highly.
- He is regarded as an honest historian, but he avoided reporting some unpleasant events concerning his patrons.
Other historians of the early Sultanate:
- Hasan Nizami: wrote "Taj-ul-Maasir", on the reigns of Muhammad Ghori, Aibak and Iltutmish.
- Isami: wrote "Futuh-us-Salatin", a verse history, in the Bahmani kingdom.
- Ziauddin Barani: continued the history from the reign of Balban.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Ziauddin Barani wrote a later history.
- ✗Hasan Nizami wrote Taj-ul-Maasir.
- ✗Isami wrote Futuh-us-Salatin.
Quick tip
Remember: Tabaqat-i-Nasiri = Minhaj-us-Siraj (about 1260; dedicated to Nasiruddin Mahmud; chief qazi; main source for the slave dynasty); Taj-ul-Maasir = Hasan Nizami.
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Books & Authors — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Books & Authors, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers famous books and their authors, including ancient Indian texts, works of the freedom struggle, classic and modern literature, autobiographies of famous people, and recently published books by well-known personalities. Questions usually name a book and ask for its author, or the other way round. Ancient and historical books, such as Arthashastra (Kautilya), Indica (Megasthenes) and Gitanjali (Rabindranath Tagore), are tested most often. Autobiographies are another favourite, so learn titles such as 'My Experiments with Truth' (Mahatma Gandhi) and 'Wings of Fire' (A. P. J. Abdul Kalam). Practise the books and authors questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.