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Question 46 of 73 · Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule
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Under the Treaty of Deogaon (1803), after the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the Bhonsle of Nagpur ceded to the British:

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Answer: Option D — Cuttack, Balasore and the territory west of the Wardha river

Detailed Solution

Under the Treaty of Deogaon (Devgaon), signed on 17 December 1803 after the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the Bhonsle ruler of Nagpur, Raghuji Bhonsle II, ceded Cuttack (Odisha), including Balasore, and the territory west of the Wardha river to the British.

Background - the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805):

  • In 1802, the Peshwa Baji Rao II signed the Treaty of Bassein with the British, accepting the Subsidiary Alliance.
  • The other Maratha chiefs, especially Daulat Rao Scindia and Raghuji Bhonsle II, regarded this as a surrender of Maratha independence, and went to war with the British.
  • The British, under Lord Wellesley, attacked them on several fronts.

Main battles:

  • Assaye (September 1803): Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeated the combined forces of Scindia and Bhonsle.
  • Argaon (Adgaon) (November 1803): Arthur Wellesley defeated the Bhonsle.
  • Laswari (November 1803): General Lake defeated the Scindia army in the north.
  • Delhi and Agra were captured by General Lake, and the Mughal emperor came under British protection.

Treaties:

  • Treaty of Deogaon (December 1803): with the Bhonsle of Nagpur; Cuttack and Balasore ceded; Bhonsle accepted a British Resident.
  • Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon (December 1803): with Scindia; he ceded territories between the Ganga and Yamuna, Delhi, Agra, Ahmadnagar, Broach and parts of Gujarat and Bundelkhand.
  • Treaty of Rajghat (1805): with Holkar, who continued fighting until 1805.

Significance:

  • The British gained Odisha, which connected their territories in Bengal and Madras by land.
  • The power of the Bhonsles and Scindias was greatly reduced.
  • The British became the dominant power in India.

About the Bhonsles of Nagpur:

  • They were one of the main Maratha families, ruling central India (Berar and Nagpur) and Odisha.
  • Their state was later annexed by the British.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Delhi and Agra were taken from Scindia.
  • ✗Gujarat, Malwa and the Konkan were not ceded under this treaty.

Quick tip

Remember: Treaty of Deogaon (1803) = Bhonsle of Nagpur ceded Cuttack and Balasore (Odisha); Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon (1803) = Scindia; Assaye (1803) = Arthur Wellesley.

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Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Arrival of Europeans & Expansion of British Rule, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the arrival of the Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danes and French in India, the growth of the East India Company, and the battles, wars and treaties through which British power expanded, including the Battles of Plassey and Buxar, the Anglo-Mysore, Anglo-Maratha and Anglo-Sikh wars, and policies such as subsidiary alliance and the doctrine of lapse. Typical questions ask which battle was fought in which year and between whom, which treaty ended which war, and which Governor-General introduced a policy. For example, the Battle of Plassey (1757) was fought between Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-Daulah, and the Treaty of Allahabad (1765) gave the Company the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Practise the arrival of Europeans and expansion of British rule questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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