Chandra Shekhar, who later became the Prime Minister of India (1990-91), was known in the late 1960s and early 1970s as one of the radical 'Young Turks' of the:

Chandra Shekhar was one of the radical "Young Turks" of the Indian National Congress in the late 1960s and early 1970s, along with leaders such as Mohan Dharia and Krishna Kant.

Who were the "Young Turks":

• The term comes from the Young Turk movement in the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century, which demanded reforms.
• In India, it was used for a group of young, radical Congress leaders who pressed for socialist policies.
• They supported Indira Gandhi's radical programme, such as the nationalisation of banks (1969) and the abolition of privy purses.
• They criticised the old guard of the Congress (the "Syndicate").

Chandra Shekhar's independence:

• During the JP movement of 1974, he supported dialogue with Jayaprakash Narayan, which displeased the party leadership.
• He was arrested during the Emergency (1975-1977), although he was a member of the Congress.

After the Emergency:

He joined the Janata Party, and was its President from 1977 to 1988.

Prime Minister:

He became the Prime Minister on 10 November 1990, with the outside support of the Congress, after the fall of the V. P. Singh government.

His government lasted until June 1991, when the Congress withdrew its support.

During his time, India faced a severe economic crisis, and gold was pledged to raise foreign exchange.

About Chandra Shekhar:

• He was born on 17 April 1927 at Ibrahimpatti, in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh.
• He started as a socialist leader, influenced by Acharya Narendra Dev, and joined the Congress in 1964.
• He was a powerful orator and edited the weekly "Young Indian".
• He died on 8 July 2007.

Why not the other options?

• ✗He was not a member of the Swatantra Party, the CPI or the Jana Sangh; the "Young Turks" were a group within the Congress.