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The slogan 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan', which honoured the soldier and the farmer during the war with Pakistan in 1965, was given by:

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Answer: Option A — Lal Bahadur Shastri

Detailed Solution

Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri gave the slogan "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" ("Hail the soldier, hail the farmer") in 1965, during the war with Pakistan and a time of severe food shortage.

Background of the slogan:

  • In 1965, India was fighting a war with Pakistan, and the soldiers (jawans) were defending the borders.
  • At the same time, India faced a serious shortage of food grains, and depended on food imports from the USA under the PL-480 scheme.
  • Shastri wanted to honour both the soldiers and the farmers, who were equally important for the nation.
  • He first used the slogan at a public meeting at Ramlila Maidan, Delhi.
  • He also appealed to the people to skip one meal a week to save food, and set an example himself.

Later additions:

  • Atal Bihari Vajpayee added "Jai Vigyan" (hail science) in 1998, after the Pokhran nuclear tests.
  • Narendra Modi later added "Jai Anusandhan" (hail research).

About Lal Bahadur Shastri:

  • He was born on 2 October 1904 at Mughalsarai (now Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Nagar), in Uttar Pradesh.
  • He dropped his surname "Srivastava" because he was against the caste system; the title "Shastri" was given to him by the Kashi Vidyapith, where he graduated.
  • He took part in the Non-Cooperation, Salt and Quit India movements, and spent many years in jail.
  • He became the Railway Minister in Nehru's government, and resigned in 1956, taking moral responsibility for a railway accident.
  • He became the second Prime Minister of India after Nehru's death in 1964.
  • He supported the White Revolution (milk) through the National Dairy Development Board, and the start of the Green Revolution.
  • He died at Tashkent (now in Uzbekistan) on 11 January 1966, a day after signing the Tashkent Declaration with Pakistan's President Ayub Khan.
  • He was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1966, the first person to receive it after death.
  • His memorial in Delhi is called "Vijay Ghat".

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Vajpayee did not give this slogan; Vajpayee added "Jai Vigyan" to it.

Quick tip

Remember: "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" = Lal Bahadur Shastri (1965 war); "Jai Vigyan" added by Vajpayee (1998); Shastri died at Tashkent (1966).

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Famous Personalities & Founders — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Famous Personalities & Founders, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers famous personalities from India and the world: leaders, reformers, scientists, entrepreneurs and their nicknames, along with the founders of organisations, companies, institutions, religions and movements. Questions often use popular titles such as 'Iron Man of India' (Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel) or 'Nightingale of India' (Sarojini Naidu), or ask who founded an organisation, such as the Ramakrishna Mission (Swami Vivekananda). Grouping people by field and by title makes revision faster and helps you spot wrong options. Practise the famous personalities questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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