Railway
What was the full form of NRDWP, a rural water scheme?
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Answer: Option A — National Rural Drinking Water Programme
Detailed Solution
NRDWP stands for the "National Rural Drinking Water Programme".
About the NRDWP:
- It was launched in 2009 by restructuring the earlier "Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme" (ARWSP), which had been started in 1972-73.
- It was a centrally sponsored scheme, run by the then Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (now the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti).
- Its aim was to provide every rural person with adequate safe water for drinking, cooking and other domestic needs on a sustainable basis.
- It aimed to supply at least 40 litres per capita per day (lpcd), later raised to 55 lpcd as a goal.
- It focused on water quality, especially in areas affected by arsenic and fluoride contamination, and on the sustainability of water sources.
- Its funds were shared between the Centre and the states.
Earlier programme:
The "National Drinking Water Mission" was launched in 1986 and renamed the "Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission" in 1991.
Successor:
- In 2019, the NRDWP was subsumed into the "Jal Jeevan Mission" (JJM).
- The Jal Jeevan Mission was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 15 August 2019.
- Its aim is to provide a "Functional Household Tap Connection" (FHTC) to every rural household, with at least 55 litres of water per person per day of prescribed quality ("Har Ghar Jal").
When it began, only about 3.2 crore rural households (about 17 per cent) had tap water connections. By 2025, the number had risen to more than 15 crore (about 80 per cent).
Goa was the first state to provide tap connections to all rural households.
In the Union Budget 2025-26, the mission was extended until 2028.
Its funding pattern is 50:50 between the Centre and states (90:10 for Himalayan and North-Eastern states, and 100 per cent for Union Territories).
Related programmes:
- Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), 2014.
- Atal Bhujal Yojana, 2019.
- AMRUT 2.0 (2021): water supply in urban areas.
Why not the other options?
- ✗"National Rural Development and Water Project" is not the correct expansion.
- ✗"National River Development and Water Programme" is not the correct expansion.
- ✗"National Rain and Drinking Water Plan" is not the correct expansion.
Quick tip
Remember: NRDWP = National Rural Drinking Water Programme (2009; from ARWSP 1972-73; subsumed into the Jal Jeevan Mission in 2019); JJM = "Har Ghar Jal" (15 August 2019; 55 litres per person per day; extended to 2028); Goa = first Har Ghar Jal state.
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Government Schemes — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Government Schemes, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the major welfare and development schemes of the Government of India, such as those for financial inclusion, health, housing, agriculture, skill development and women and child welfare, along with their launch year, objectives and ministries. Questions usually ask what a scheme aims to do, when it was launched, or which ministry runs it. For example, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (2014) aims at financial inclusion through bank accounts. Schemes are often renamed, merged or extended, so pair these static facts with the latest updates before banking and government exams. Practise the government schemes questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.