SSC
Earth Day is celebrated every year on:
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Answer: Option B — 22 April
Detailed Solution
Earth Day is celebrated every year on 22 April to show support for the protection of the environment.
History of Earth Day:
The first Earth Day was held on 22 April 1970 in the United States.
It was founded by US Senator Gaylord Nelson of Wisconsin, who was inspired by the anti-war student protests of the 1960s and wanted to raise public awareness about pollution. Denis Hayes was the national coordinator.
About 20 million Americans took part in rallies, teach-ins and clean-up events.
The first Earth Day led to the creation of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970 and to laws such as the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species Act.
In 1990, Earth Day became a global event, with about 200 million people in 141 countries taking part.
It is now coordinated by EARTHDAY.ORG and is observed in more than 190 countries.
Other facts:
In 2009, the UN General Assembly designated 22 April as "International Mother Earth Day". The resolution was proposed by Bolivia.
On Earth Day, 22 April 2016, the Paris Agreement on climate change was opened for signature at the UN headquarters in New York; a record 175 countries signed it on that day, including India.
The Paris Agreement aims to keep global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius, and preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial levels.
India ratified the Paris Agreement on 2 October 2016, Gandhi Jayanti.
Each year has a theme; the theme for 2024 and 2025 focused on plastics and renewable power ("Planet vs. Plastics" in 2024; "Our Power, Our Planet" in 2025).
Other environmental days:
- World Environment Day: 5 June.
- World Water Day: 22 March.
- World Ozone Day: 16 September.
- Earth Hour: last Saturday of March.
Why not the other options?
- ✗5 June is World Environment Day.
- ✗22 March is World Water Day.
- ✗16 September is World Ozone Day.
Quick tip
Remember: Earth Day = 22 April (since 1970; Senator Gaylord Nelson; International Mother Earth Day since 2009; Paris Agreement signed 22 April 2016); World Environment Day = 5 June.
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Important Days & Dates — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Important Days & Dates, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers national and international days observed through the year, such as National Youth Day, World Environment Day and International Yoga Day, along with the themes announced for them and the events or people they commemorate. Questions ask for the date of a day, the day observed on a given date, or the person it honours (for example, National Sports Day on 29 August marks the birthday of Major Dhyan Chand). Revise days month by month in a calendar format. Themes change every year, so learn the current year's themes from current affairs. Practise the important days questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.