Railway
'Parakram Divas' is celebrated on the birth anniversary of:
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Answer: Option A — Subhas Chandra Bose
Detailed Solution
"Parakram Divas" ("Day of Valour") is celebrated every year on 23 January, the birth anniversary of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
About Parakram Divas:
- The Government of India announced it in January 2021, on the occasion of Netaji's 125th birth anniversary.
- It honours his courage, his indomitable spirit and his selfless service to the nation, and aims to inspire young people.
- The Republic Day celebrations now begin on 23 January every year, instead of 24 January, to include Netaji's birth anniversary.
About Subhas Chandra Bose (1897-1945):
- He was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha.
- He passed the Indian Civil Service (ICS) examination in 1920, coming fourth, but resigned in 1921 to join the freedom struggle.
He regarded C. R. Das as his political guru.
He was elected President of the Indian National Congress at the Haripura session (1938) and again at the Tripuri session (1939), defeating Pattabhi Sitaramayya, Gandhi's candidate. He resigned soon after because of differences with Gandhi.
He founded the Forward Bloc in 1939.
In 1941, he escaped from house arrest in Calcutta and reached Germany via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union.
In 1943, he took command of the Indian National Army (INA, or "Azad Hind Fauj") in Southeast Asia, which had been formed by Mohan Singh and Rash Behari Bose.
On 21 October 1943, he proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India ("Azad Hind") in Singapore.
He gave the slogans "Jai Hind" and "Delhi Chalo", and famously said, "Give me blood, and I will give you freedom!" ("Tum mujhe khoon do, main tumhe azadi dunga").
He is believed to have died in a plane crash in Taihoku (Taipei), Taiwan, on 18 August 1945, although his death remains a subject of controversy.
A statue of Netaji was unveiled under the canopy near India Gate in September 2022.
Port Blair was renamed "Sri Vijaya Puram" in 2024, and in 2018 three islands of the Andamans were renamed, including Ross Island as "Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Dweep".
Why not the other options?
- ✗Bhagat Singh is remembered on Shaheed Diwas (23 March).
- ✗Chandrashekhar Azad led the HSRA.
- ✗Sardar Patel's birthday is Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (31 October).
Quick tip
Remember: Parakram Divas = 23 January (Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose; since 2021, 125th birth anniversary); Azad Hind government proclaimed 21 October 1943; Rashtriya Ekta Diwas = 31 October (Patel).
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Important Days & Dates — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Important Days & Dates, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers national and international days observed through the year, such as National Youth Day, World Environment Day and International Yoga Day, along with the themes announced for them and the events or people they commemorate. Questions ask for the date of a day, the day observed on a given date, or the person it honours (for example, National Sports Day on 29 August marks the birthday of Major Dhyan Chand). Revise days month by month in a calendar format. Themes change every year, so learn the current year's themes from current affairs. Practise the important days questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.