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Question 34 of 45 · International Economic Organisations
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The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was founded in the year:

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Answer: Option B — 1965

Detailed Solution

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was established in 1965 by the UN General Assembly.

About the founding of UNDP:

It was created on 22 November 1965 by merging two earlier UN bodies:

  • The Expanded Programme of Technical Assistance (EPTA), set up in 1949.
  • The United Nations Special Fund, set up in 1958.
  • It began working in January 1966.

About UNDP:

  • It is the UN's global development network and one of its largest agencies.
  • Its headquarters is in New York, USA.
  • It works in about 170 countries and territories.
  • It is funded entirely by voluntary contributions from member states and other donors.
  • It is headed by an Administrator, the third-highest official in the UN after the Secretary-General and Deputy Secretary-General.
  • Its focus areas include poverty reduction, democratic governance, climate change, disaster resilience, and crisis prevention and recovery.
  • It coordinates the UN's efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals at the country level.

The Human Development Report:

  • UNDP has published the "Human Development Report" (HDR) since 1990.
  • The report introduced the "Human Development Index" (HDI), developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq with the help of the Indian economist Amartya Sen.
  • The HDI measures three dimensions: a long and healthy life (life expectancy), knowledge (education) and a decent standard of living (income per person).
  • In the HDR 2025 (with data for 2023), India was ranked 130th out of 193 countries, in the "medium human development" category.
  • UNDP also publishes the "Multidimensional Poverty Index" (MPI) with the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (since 2010).

UNDP in India:

  • It has worked in India since 1951 (through its predecessor bodies).
  • It supports programmes on governance, health systems (such as the eVIN vaccine logistics system), climate resilience and livelihoods.

Other UN bodies founded in the 1960s:

  • World Food Programme: 1961.
  • UNCTAD: 1964.
  • UNIDO: 1966.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗1945 is the year the United Nations was founded.
  • ✗1961 is the year the World Food Programme was founded.
  • ✗1972 is the year the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) was founded.

Quick tip

Remember: UNDP = 1965 (merger of EPTA 1949 and the Special Fund 1958; HQ New York; Human Development Report since 1990; HDI by Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen); UNEP = 1972.

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International Economic Organisations — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of International Economic Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers international economic and financial organisations: the IMF, the World Bank group, the WTO, the Asian Development Bank, the New Development Bank, the AIIB, OPEC, the OECD and groupings such as the G20, along with their headquarters, founding and functions. Questions usually ask where an organisation is headquartered, when it was set up, and what it does. For example, the IMF and World Bank were created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, the WTO replaced GATT in 1995, and the New Development Bank, set up by the BRICS countries, is headquartered in Shanghai. Practise the international economic organisations questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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