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The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) was established in:
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Answer: Option B — 1966
Detailed Solution
The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) was established in 1966 by a resolution of the UN General Assembly.
About UNIDO:
- It was set up on 17 November 1966 as a special body of the UN General Assembly, to promote industrialisation in developing countries.
- It became a specialised agency of the United Nations in 1985.
- Its headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.
It has about 170 member states. India is a member and was one of the early supporters of its creation.
Its mission is to promote "inclusive and sustainable industrial development" (ISID), which is linked to Sustainable Development Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure).
Its work:
- Helping developing countries build industries, improve productivity and create jobs.
- Promoting clean, energy-efficient and environment-friendly industries.
- Helping countries meet international standards so that they can trade more.
- Supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
- It implements projects under environmental agreements such as the Montreal Protocol and the Stockholm Convention.
- It publishes the "Industrial Development Report".
Important conferences:
- The Lima Declaration (1975) set a target for developing countries to reach 25 per cent of global industrial production by 2000.
- The Third General Conference of UNIDO was held in New Delhi in 1980.
UNIDO in India:
- It has a regional office in New Delhi.
- It works with Indian ministries on projects such as energy efficiency in small industries, clean technology and the promotion of electric mobility.
- "Africa Industrialisation Day" (20 November) is supported by UNIDO.
Other UN bodies in Vienna:
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA, 1957).
- UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
- UN Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA).
- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) Preparatory Commission.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1945 is the year the United Nations was founded.
- ✗1957 is the year the IAEA was founded.
- ✗1985 is the year UNIDO became a UN specialised agency.
Quick tip
Remember: UNIDO = 1966 (UN General Assembly resolution; specialised agency 1985; HQ Vienna; SDG 9); IAEA = 1957 (Vienna); UNCTAD = 1964 (Geneva).
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International Economic Organisations — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of International Economic Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers international economic and financial organisations: the IMF, the World Bank group, the WTO, the Asian Development Bank, the New Development Bank, the AIIB, OPEC, the OECD and groupings such as the G20, along with their headquarters, founding and functions. Questions usually ask where an organisation is headquartered, when it was set up, and what it does. For example, the IMF and World Bank were created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, the WTO replaced GATT in 1995, and the New Development Bank, set up by the BRICS countries, is headquartered in Shanghai. Practise the international economic organisations questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.