Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged by the British in Lahore Jail on:

Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru were hanged by the British in the Lahore Central Jail on the evening of 23 March 1931.

The trial:

• They were tried in the Lahore Conspiracy Case for the killing of a British police officer in Lahore in December 1928.
• The trial was conducted by a special tribunal set up by an ordinance, without the right of appeal to a higher court, which was widely criticised.
• On 7 October 1930, the tribunal sentenced the three to death.

Appeals and protests:

• There were nationwide appeals and protests to save their lives; many people urged Gandhi to press for the commutation of their sentences in his negotiations with the Viceroy.
• The government refused to commute the sentences.

The execution:

• They were hanged a day earlier than the scheduled date (24 March), in the evening, to avoid public protests.
• Their bodies were secretly taken out of the jail and cremated on the bank of the Sutlej river near Hussainiwala, Ferozepur.
• The people were shocked and angered; there were hartals and mourning across the country.
• Bhagat Singh was only 23 years old.

Their memory:

• 23 March is observed as "Shaheed Diwas" (Martyrs' Day) in their memory.
• The Hussainiwala National Martyrs Memorial stands at the place of their cremation.

About Bhagat Singh:

• He was born on 28 September 1907 at Banga, in the Lyallpur district (now in Pakistan).
• He was influenced by socialist and Marxist ideas.
• In jail, he wrote the essay "Why I Am an Atheist", and kept a jail notebook.
• He and his comrades went on a long hunger strike in jail to demand better treatment for political prisoners.

Why not the other options?

• ✗17 December 1928 was the date of the killing in Lahore.
• ✗8 April 1929 was the date of the Assembly bomb.
• ✗27 February 1931 was the date of Chandrashekhar Azad's death.