The Ghadar Party, founded by Indians in North America, was initially named the:

The Ghadar Party was initially named the "Pacific Coast Hindustan Association", when it was founded by Indian immigrants on the Pacific coast of the United States in 1913.

About the founding:

• The organisation was founded at a meeting of Indian immigrants, mostly Punjabi Sikh workers and farmers, in the north-western United States (Oregon) in 1913.
• It soon became known as the "Ghadar Party", after the name of its newspaper, "Ghadar" ("revolt"), first published in November 1913.
• "Ghadar" recalled the Revolt of 1857, which the British called the "Mutiny" (ghadar).

Why Indians in America became nationalists:

• Indians in the United States and Canada faced racial discrimination, low wages, restrictions on immigration, and hostility from white workers.
• They felt that the British government did not protect them, because India was not free.
• Students and intellectuals among them spread the ideas of revolutionary nationalism.

Aims of the Ghadar Party:

• To overthrow British rule in India by armed revolution.
• To establish a free, democratic and secular India, with equality for all.
• Its members included Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims, and it opposed communal divisions.

Activities:

• The newspaper "Ghadar" was published in several languages and distributed widely.
• When the First World War broke out, the party called on Indians abroad to return home and start a revolution.
• The failure of the 1915 plan led to the arrest and execution of many members.

Later:

• The party continued in America until 1948.
• It influenced later revolutionaries, including Bhagat Singh, who admired its martyrs.

Why not the other options?

• ✗The Indian Independence League was formed in East Asia.
• ✗The Hindustan Republican Association was formed in north India.
• ✗India House was in London.