The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was formed at a meeting of revolutionaries held in September 1928 at:

The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was formed at a meeting of revolutionaries held at the ruins of the Feroz Shah Kotla fort in Delhi, on 8-9 September 1928.

Background:

• An earlier revolutionary organisation had been set up in north India in the 1920s, to organise an armed revolution against British rule.
• After the Kakori train robbery (1925) and the arrest and execution of many of its leaders, the organisation was weakened.
• Younger revolutionaries, influenced by socialist and Marxist ideas, wanted to reorganise it.

The meeting at Feroz Shah Kotla:

• Revolutionaries from Punjab, the United Provinces, Bihar and Rajputana attended the meeting.
• Leaders included Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Bhagwati Charan Vohra, Bejoy Kumar Sinha and Shiv Verma.
• Chandrashekhar Azad, who could not attend, was made the commander-in-chief of its armed wing (the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army).
• The word "Socialist" was added to the name of the organisation, showing its commitment to socialism.

Its aims:

• To overthrow British rule through an armed revolution.
• To establish a socialist republic in India, in which the exploitation of peasants and workers would end.

NCERT on the HSRA:

• NCERT notes that in 1928, at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi, revolutionaries including Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad and others reorganised the movement as the HSRA.
• They believed that the aim of the movement should be the establishment of a socialist society.

Activities:

• The HSRA carried out several actions, including the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929) and an attempt to blow up the Viceroy's train (1929).
• After the death and arrest of its leaders, the HSRA declined in the early 1930s.

About Feroz Shah Kotla:

It is a fortress built by Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq in the 14th century, which contains an Ashokan pillar brought from Topra.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Company Bagh, Jallianwala Bagh and Kakori are connected with other places or events.