Defence
The provision that all executive action of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President is contained in:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ▾Hide ▴
Answer: Option C — Article 77(1)
Detailed Solution
Article 77(1) provides that all executive action of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President.
Other clauses of Article 77:
Clause (2): Orders and other instruments made and executed in the name of the President shall be authenticated in the manner specified in rules made by the President, and their validity cannot be questioned on the ground that they were not made or executed by the President.
Clause (3): The President shall make rules for the more convenient transaction of the business of the Government of India, and for the allocation of this business among the Ministers.
The Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules and (Transaction of Business) Rules were made under this clause.
Meaning of Article 77:
- The President is the formal head of the executive, and all executive actions are taken in his or her name.
- But the real executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
- Orders are signed by officers authorised under the rules, with the words "By order and in the name of the President".
Executive power of the Union:
- Article 53(1): The executive power of the Union is vested in the President, and is exercised by him or her directly or through officers subordinate to him or her, in accordance with the Constitution.
- Article 74(1): There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at its head to aid and advise the President, who shall act in accordance with such advice (after the 42nd Amendment).
Why not the other options?
- ✗Article 53(1) vests the executive power in the President; Article 74(1) provides for the Council of Ministers; Article 78 lays down the duties of the Prime Minister.
Quick tip
Remember: Article 77(1) = all executive action of the Government of India in the name of the President; Article 77(3) = Rules of Business.
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Union Executive: President, VP & PM — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Union Executive: President, VP & PM, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the Union Executive: the President, the Vice-President, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, and the Attorney General. It includes their election or appointment, qualifications, powers, removal, and the relationship between the President and the Council of Ministers. Common questions cover the electoral college that elects the President, impeachment under Article 61, the President's ordinance-making power (Article 123) and pardoning power (Article 72), and the fact that the Vice-President is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. Lists of past Presidents and Prime Ministers are also tested. Practise the Union Executive questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.