SSC
The ANZUS security treaty among Australia, New Zealand and the United States was signed in:
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Answer: Option B — 1951
Detailed Solution
The Australia, New Zealand and United States Security Treaty (ANZUS Treaty) was signed on 1 September 1951 in San Francisco.
About the ANZUS Treaty:
- It came into force on 29 April 1952.
- It is a collective security agreement: each party agreed that an armed attack on any of them in the Pacific area would be dangerous to its own peace and safety, and that it would act to meet the common danger.
- It was signed during the Cold War and the Korean War, when the three countries were concerned about communist expansion in Asia and a possible revival of Japanese militarism.
- It has no permanent headquarters or joint military command.
Changes in the alliance:
- In the mid-1980s, New Zealand adopted an anti-nuclear policy and refused to allow nuclear-armed or nuclear-powered ships into its ports.
- In 1986, the USA suspended its security obligations to New Zealand under the treaty.
The treaty remains in force between Australia and the USA, and between Australia and New Zealand. The USA and New Zealand later improved relations through agreements such as the Wellington Declaration (2010).
The treaty was invoked for the first time by Australia after the 11 September 2001 attacks on the USA.
Other regional security groupings:
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization): 1949, Washington; headquarters in Brussels.
SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization): 1954, Manila; dissolved in 1977. Pakistan was a member.
CENTO (Central Treaty Organization; earlier the Baghdad Pact): 1955; dissolved in 1979.
Warsaw Pact: 1955; the Soviet-led alliance; dissolved in 1991.
AUKUS: a trilateral security partnership among Australia, the UK and the USA, announced in September 2021; it will help Australia acquire nuclear-powered submarines.
Quad (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue): India, the USA, Japan and Australia; revived in 2017; first leaders' summit in 2021.
Five Eyes: an intelligence-sharing alliance of the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
India's position:
India followed a policy of non-alignment and did not join military blocs such as NATO, SEATO or CENTO.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1945 is the year the UN was founded.
- ✗1949 is the year NATO was formed.
- ✗1967 is the year ASEAN was formed.
Quick tip
Remember: ANZUS = 1951 (Australia, New Zealand, USA; signed in San Francisco; US obligations to New Zealand suspended 1986); NATO = 1949; SEATO = 1954; AUKUS = 2021; Quad = India, USA, Japan, Australia.
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World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers world GK: countries with their capitals, currencies and parliaments, national symbols, famous landmarks, the longest, largest and highest features of the world, and international boundary lines such as the Radcliffe, McMahon and Durand Lines. The most common questions match a country with its capital or currency, or a parliament with its name (such as the Knesset of Israel or the Diet of Japan). Revise countries continent by continent, giving extra attention to India's neighbours. Questions on boundary lines usually ask which two countries a line separates. Practise the world GK questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.