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Question 58 of 72 · World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies
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The largest ethnic group in China, making up more than 90 per cent of the population, is the:

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Answer: Option D — Han

Detailed Solution

The Han Chinese are the largest ethnic group in China, making up about 91 per cent of the population.

About the Han Chinese:

  • They are also the largest ethnic group in the world, with more than 1.2 billion people (about 18 per cent of the world's population).
  • They take their name from the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE), one of the greatest dynasties of ancient China, which consolidated Chinese culture and identity.
  • They trace their origins to the ancient "Huaxia" people of the Yellow River valley.
  • Most speak varieties of Chinese, such as Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu and Min.
  • Their traditions include Confucianism, Taoism and Chinese Buddhism, and festivals such as the Spring Festival (Lunar New Year), the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival.

Ethnic minorities of China:

  • China officially recognises 56 ethnic groups: the Han and 55 minority groups.
  • The minorities make up about 9 per cent of the population (about 12.5 crore people), according to the 2020 census.

Largest minorities:

  • Zhuang: the largest minority (about 1.9 crore); live mainly in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the south.
  • Uyghur: a Turkic-speaking Muslim people of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
  • Hui: Chinese-speaking Muslims; live mainly in Ningxia and other areas.
  • Manchu: the founders of the Qing dynasty.
  • Tibetan: live mainly in the Tibet Autonomous Region and nearby provinces.
  • Mongol: live mainly in Inner Mongolia.
  • Miao, Yi, Tujia and others.

Autonomous regions of China:

China has five autonomous regions for major minorities: Inner Mongolia (1947), Xinjiang (1955), Guangxi (1958), Ningxia (1958) and Tibet (1965).

About China's population:

  • According to the 2020 census, China's population was about 141 crore.
  • China's population began to decline in 2022.
  • India overtook China as the world's most populous country in April 2023 (UN estimate).
  • China ended its "one-child policy" (1980-2015), replacing it with a two-child policy and, from 2021, a three-child policy.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The Zhuang are the largest minority group in China.
  • ✗The Hui are Chinese-speaking Muslims.
  • ✗The Uyghurs are a Turkic Muslim group in Xinjiang.

Quick tip

Remember: largest ethnic group of China = Han (about 91 per cent; named after the Han dynasty; largest ethnic group in the world); 56 official ethnic groups; largest minority = Zhuang; five autonomous regions; one-child policy ended 2015.

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World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of World GK: Countries, Capitals & Currencies, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers world GK: countries with their capitals, currencies and parliaments, national symbols, famous landmarks, the longest, largest and highest features of the world, and international boundary lines such as the Radcliffe, McMahon and Durand Lines. The most common questions match a country with its capital or currency, or a parliament with its name (such as the Knesset of Israel or the Diet of Japan). Revise countries continent by continent, giving extra attention to India's neighbours. Questions on boundary lines usually ask which two countries a line separates. Practise the world GK questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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