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Question 14 of 30 · Biodiversity, National Parks & Wildlife
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The state tree of Maharashtra is the:

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Answer: Option C — Mango tree

Detailed Solution

The mango tree ("Mangifera indica") is the state tree of Maharashtra.

About the mango tree:

  • It is a large evergreen tree native to South Asia, which can grow to a height of about 30-40 metres and live for more than 100 years.
  • India is the world's largest producer of mangoes, producing about half of the world's mangoes.
  • The mango is the national fruit of India.
  • Maharashtra is famous for its "Alphonso" mango (called "Hapus" in Marathi), grown mainly in the Konkan region, especially in Ratnagiri, Sindhudurg and Devgad. "Ratnagiri Alphonso" and "Devgad Alphonso" have GI tags.
  • Uttar Pradesh is the largest mango-producing state in India, followed by Andhra Pradesh.
  • Mango leaves are used to make "toran" (decorative strings) for doors during festivals and auspicious occasions, and the tree has religious and cultural importance.

State symbols of Maharashtra:

  • State tree: Mango.
  • State bird: Yellow-footed green pigeon ("Harial").
  • State flower: Jarul ("Lagerstroemia speciosa", also called the "Pride of India").

State butterfly: Blue Mormon. In 2015, Maharashtra became the first state in India to declare a state butterfly.

State language: Marathi.

Other famous mango varieties of India:

  • Dasheri, Langra and Chausa: Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
  • Kesar: Gujarat (Junagadh); GI tag.
  • Banganapalli: Andhra Pradesh; GI tag.
  • Himsagar: West Bengal.
  • Totapuri: Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

State trees of some other states:

  • Karnataka: Sandalwood.
  • Andhra Pradesh: Neem.
  • West Bengal: Devil tree (Chhatim).
  • Kerala: Coconut palm.
  • Rajasthan: Khejri.
  • Punjab: Shisham.
  • Banyan is the national tree of India.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗The Banyan tree is the national tree of India.
  • ✗The Neem tree is the state tree of Andhra Pradesh.
  • ✗The Sandalwood tree is the state tree of Karnataka.

Quick tip

Remember: Maharashtra state tree = Mango; bird = Harial (yellow-footed green pigeon); flower = Jarul; butterfly = Blue Mormon (first state butterfly, 2015); Alphonso (Hapus) = Konkan; national tree = Banyan.

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Biodiversity, National Parks & Wildlife — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Biodiversity, National Parks & Wildlife, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers biodiversity and its conservation: biodiversity hotspots, endangered and endemic species, the IUCN Red List, in-situ and ex-situ conservation, India's national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, tiger reserves and biosphere reserves, and wildlife conservation projects. Questions commonly ask in which state a national park is located and which animal it is known for (Kaziranga in Assam for the one-horned rhinoceros, and Gir in Gujarat for the Asiatic lion), when Project Tiger began (1973), and which regions of India are biodiversity hotspots. The number of protected areas changes as new ones are declared, so check the latest lists. Practise the biodiversity and conservation questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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