Defence
Which pioneering Bengali stage actress serialised her autobiography 'Amar Katha' between 1910 and 1913?
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Answer: Option C — Binodini Dasi
Detailed Solution
Binodini Dasi (about 1862-1941), popularly known as "Noti Binodini" ("Binodini the actress"), was one of the earliest and most celebrated actresses of the Bengali public stage. Her autobiography "Amar Katha" ("My Story") was serialised in the early 1910s and later published as a book.
About Binodini Dasi:
- She was born into a poor family in Calcutta and came from the community of courtesans, as most early stage actresses did.
- She began acting at about the age of 12, around 1874, with the National Theatre in Calcutta.
- She worked closely with the playwright, actor and director Girish Chandra Ghosh, who was her mentor.
- She acted in about 80 roles in roughly 12 years, including roles in plays such as "Meghnad Badh", "Durgeshnandini" and "Chaitanya Lila".
Her most famous performance was as Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in Girish Ghosh's "Chaitanya Lila" (1884). Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa watched the play and blessed her, an event she treasured all her life.
She helped establish the Star Theatre in Calcutta (1883). She had hoped it would be named after her, but the name was not given, which hurt her deeply.
She retired from the stage at the height of her fame, in about 1886-87.
About "Amar Katha":
- It is one of the earliest autobiographies by a woman in Bengali and the first by an Indian stage actress.
- In it, she wrote frankly about her life, her art, her struggles, the exploitation she faced and the social stigma attached to actresses.
- She also wrote a shorter account of her life on the stage.
- It has been translated into English as "My Story and My Life as an Actress".
- Her life has inspired several plays and films.
Other pioneering Bengali women:
- Rassundari Devi: "Amar Jiban" (1876), the first full-length autobiography in Bengali by a woman.
- Sarala Devi Chaudhurani: nationalist; founded the Bharat Stree Mahamandal (1910).
- Kanan Devi: singer and film actress; received the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1976 (the first woman recipient was Devika Rani, 1969).
Why not the other options?
- ✗Kanan Devi was a film actress and singer.
- ✗Sarala Devi Chaudhurani founded the Bharat Stree Mahamandal.
- ✗Rassundari Devi wrote "Amar Jiban".
Quick tip
Remember: "Amar Katha" = Binodini Dasi ("Noti Binodini"; Chaitanya in "Chaitanya Lila", 1884; Star Theatre; mentor Girish Ghosh); "Amar Jiban" (1876) = Rassundari Devi.
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This topic covers famous personalities from India and the world: leaders, reformers, scientists, entrepreneurs and their nicknames, along with the founders of organisations, companies, institutions, religions and movements. Questions often use popular titles such as 'Iron Man of India' (Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel) or 'Nightingale of India' (Sarojini Naidu), or ask who founded an organisation, such as the Ramakrishna Mission (Swami Vivekananda). Grouping people by field and by title makes revision faster and helps you spot wrong options. Practise the famous personalities questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.