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Question 26 of 45 · International Economic Organisations
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How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are included in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development?

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Answer: Option C — Seventeen

Detailed Solution

The United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development contains 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

About the 2030 Agenda:

  • It was adopted by all 193 member states of the UN at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York on 25 September 2015.
  • It came into effect on 1 January 2016 and is to be achieved by 2030.
  • The 17 goals have 169 targets and about 230 indicators.
  • Its motto is "Leave no one behind".
  • It is built on five "P"s: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership.
  • The SDGs replaced the eight "Millennium Development Goals" (MDGs), which were adopted in 2000 and covered the period 2000-2015.

The 17 SDGs:

  • No Poverty. 2. Zero Hunger. 3. Good Health and Well-being. 4. Quality Education. 5. Gender Equality. 6. Clean Water and Sanitation. 7. Affordable and Clean Energy. 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth. 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure. 10. Reduced Inequalities. 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities. 12. Responsible Consumption and Production. 13. Climate Action. 14. Life Below Water. 15. Life on Land. 16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions. 17. Partnerships for the Goals.

Monitoring the SDGs:

The High-Level Political Forum (HLPF) of the UN reviews progress every year.

Countries present "Voluntary National Reviews" (VNRs). India presented its VNRs in 2017 and 2020.

The SDSN (Sustainable Development Solutions Network) publishes the "Sustainable Development Report" with an SDG index. India ranked 99th in 2025, entering the top 100 for the first time.

SDGs in India:

NITI Aayog is the nodal agency for coordinating the SDGs in India.

It publishes the "SDG India Index" (since 2018), which ranks states and union territories. Kerala has topped it several times.

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) develops the national indicator framework.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗Eight is the number of Millennium Development Goals.
  • ✗Twelve is not the number of SDGs; SDG 12 is Responsible Consumption and Production.
  • ✗Twenty is incorrect.

Quick tip

Remember: SDGs = 17 goals, 169 targets (adopted 25 September 2015; 2016-2030; "Leave no one behind"); MDGs = 8 (2000-2015); NITI Aayog = nodal agency; SDG India Index since 2018.

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International Economic Organisations — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of International Economic Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers international economic and financial organisations: the IMF, the World Bank group, the WTO, the Asian Development Bank, the New Development Bank, the AIIB, OPEC, the OECD and groupings such as the G20, along with their headquarters, founding and functions. Questions usually ask where an organisation is headquartered, when it was set up, and what it does. For example, the IMF and World Bank were created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, the WTO replaced GATT in 1995, and the New Development Bank, set up by the BRICS countries, is headquartered in Shanghai. Practise the international economic organisations questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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