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Which international organisation deals with illicit drug trafficking and drug abuse?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ▾Hide ▴
Answer: Option B — UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
Detailed Solution
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is the UN body that deals with illicit drugs, drug trafficking, organised crime, corruption and terrorism.
About the UNODC:
It was established in 1997 by merging the United Nations Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) and the Centre for International Crime Prevention. It was renamed UNODC in 2002.
Its headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.
It helps member states fight illicit drugs, crime and terrorism through research, technical help and support for international conventions.
It publishes the annual "World Drug Report", released on or around 26 June.
It is the custodian of important international conventions:
The three UN drug control conventions: the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), the Convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971), and the Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988).
The UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2000, Palermo Convention) and its protocols on human trafficking and migrant smuggling.
The UN Convention against Corruption (2003, Merida Convention). International Anti-Corruption Day is observed on 9 December.
Its regional office for South Asia is in New Delhi.
Related bodies:
- International Narcotics Control Board (INCB): Vienna (1968); monitors the implementation of the drug conventions.
- Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND): the UN's central drug policy body (1946).
India's drug control framework:
- Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985.
- Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB): set up in 1986; the nodal drug law enforcement agency.
- "Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan": launched on 15 August 2020 to fight drug abuse.
- India lies between the "Golden Crescent" (Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan) and the "Golden Triangle" (Myanmar, Laos, Thailand), two major illicit opium-producing regions.
- International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is observed on 26 June.
Why not the other options?
- ✗UNIDO (Vienna) promotes industrial development.
- ✗UNCTAD (Geneva) deals with trade and development.
- ✗UNHCR (Geneva) protects refugees.
Quick tip
Remember: UNODC = drugs and crime (Vienna; 1997, renamed 2002; "World Drug Report"); India: NDPS Act 1985, NCB 1986; Golden Crescent (Afghanistan-Iran-Pakistan) and Golden Triangle (Myanmar-Laos-Thailand); anti-drug day = 26 June.
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International Economic Organisations — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of International Economic Organisations, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers international economic and financial organisations: the IMF, the World Bank group, the WTO, the Asian Development Bank, the New Development Bank, the AIIB, OPEC, the OECD and groupings such as the G20, along with their headquarters, founding and functions. Questions usually ask where an organisation is headquartered, when it was set up, and what it does. For example, the IMF and World Bank were created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, the WTO replaced GATT in 1995, and the New Development Bank, set up by the BRICS countries, is headquartered in Shanghai. Practise the international economic organisations questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.