Railway
In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw harmless smoke bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly to protest against the:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)View answer ▾Hide ▴
Answer: Option C — Public Safety Bill and Trade Disputes Bill
Detailed Solution
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw harmless smoke bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi to protest against the Public Safety Bill and the Trade Disputes Bill.
About the two Bills:
- The Public Safety Bill gave the government powers to deport foreigners, especially those suspected of spreading communist ideas, and to curb revolutionary activities.
- The Trade Disputes Bill restricted the right of workers to go on strike, and provided for compulsory arbitration.
- Both Bills were seen as repressive measures against the growing labour movement, trade unions and left-wing activities.
- The Trade Disputes Bill was passed, but the Public Safety Bill was rejected by the Assembly's President Vithalbhai Patel's ruling; the government later issued it as an ordinance.
The bombing:
- Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw the bombs into the empty part of the Assembly hall, from the visitors' gallery, at the moment the Viceroy's announcement on the Trade Disputes Bill was to be made.
- The bombs were designed to make a loud noise, not to kill anyone; a few members were slightly injured.
- They threw leaflets and shouted "Inquilab Zindabad" and "Down with imperialism".
- They did not try to escape and were arrested at the spot.
- Their leaflet said: "It takes a loud voice to make the deaf hear", quoting the French anarchist Auguste Vaillant.
Purpose:
They wanted to use the trial as a platform to spread their revolutionary ideas.
NCERT on the bombing:
NCERT notes that the aim of Bhagat Singh and his comrades was to make the people aware of their ideas, not to kill.
Trial:
- Bhagat Singh and Dutt were sentenced to transportation for life in the Assembly Bomb Case.
- Bhagat Singh was later tried in a separate case for the killing of a British police officer in Lahore.
Why not the other options?
- ✗The Rowlatt Bill, the Simon Commission and the Vernacular Press Bill were of other years.
Quick tip
Remember: Assembly bomb (Delhi, April 1929) = protest against the Public Safety Bill and Trade Disputes Bill; "It takes a loud voice to make the deaf hear".
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Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the revolutionary side of the freedom struggle in India and abroad: groups such as the Anushilan Samiti, the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen, and Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Questions often ask about an incident and the people involved, such as the Kakori train action (1925), the Lahore Conspiracy Case, the Chittagong armoury raid (1930) and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929). Also learn the founders and headquarters of revolutionary groups formed abroad, such as the Ghadar Party in San Francisco. Practise the revolutionaries questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.