SSC
The Paris Indian Society, a nationalist organisation founded by Madame Bhikaiji Cama, S. R. Rana and Munchershah Godrej, was established in:
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Answer: Option C — 1905
Detailed Solution
The Paris Indian Society was founded in Paris in 1905 by Madame Bhikaiji Cama, Sardar Singh Rewabhai Rana (S. R. Rana) and Munchershah Burjorji Godrej.
About the Paris Indian Society:
- It was established as a branch of the Indian Home Rule Society, which had been founded in London by Shyamji Krishna Varma earlier in 1905.
- Its aim was to work for the freedom of India, and to spread nationalist ideas among Indians in Europe.
- It helped Indian revolutionaries who had to leave Britain to avoid arrest.
- It was associated with India House in London, the centre of Indian revolutionaries in Britain.
About Madame Bhikaiji Cama:
- She was born on 24 September 1861 in Bombay, into a wealthy Parsi family.
- She went to Europe for medical treatment in 1902, and stayed there for the rest of her active life.
- She lived mainly in Paris, and helped Indian revolutionaries.
- She published the revolutionary journal "Bande Mataram" from Paris, and also "Madan's Talwar".
- She was not allowed to return to India until 1935, when she was very ill.
- She died in Bombay on 13 August 1936.
About S. R. Rana:
- Sardar Singh Rana was a revolutionary from Kathiawar (Gujarat), who lived in Paris as a jewel merchant.
- He helped many Indian students in Europe with scholarships and funds.
Other Indian revolutionary organisations abroad:
- India House (London), founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma.
- The Ghadar Party (San Francisco, 1913).
- The Berlin Committee (Indian Independence Committee, 1915).
NCERT on revolutionaries abroad:
NCERT notes that revolutionary activity was also carried on by Indians living abroad, in centres such as London, Paris and North America.
Why not the other options?
- ✗1885 was the year the Indian National Congress was founded; 1919 and 1930 are not the year in which the Paris Indian Society was founded.
Quick tip
Remember: Paris Indian Society (1905) = Madame Bhikaiji Cama, S. R. Rana, Munchershah Godrej; Cama published "Bande Mataram" from Paris.
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Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the revolutionary side of the freedom struggle in India and abroad: groups such as the Anushilan Samiti, the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen, and Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Questions often ask about an incident and the people involved, such as the Kakori train action (1925), the Lahore Conspiracy Case, the Chittagong armoury raid (1930) and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929). Also learn the founders and headquarters of revolutionary groups formed abroad, such as the Ghadar Party in San Francisco. Practise the revolutionaries questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.