Defence
'The Philosophy of the Bomb', written in reply to Gandhi's article 'The Cult of the Bomb', was written by:
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Answer: Option D — Bhagwati Charan Vohra
Detailed Solution
"The Philosophy of the Bomb" was written by Bhagwati Charan Vohra, a leading member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), in reply to Gandhi's article "The Cult of the Bomb".
Background:
- On 23 December 1929, revolutionaries of the HSRA tried to blow up the special train of the Viceroy, Lord Irwin, near Delhi; the Viceroy escaped unhurt.
- Gandhi condemned the attempt in an article titled "The Cult of the Bomb", published in "Young India" in January 1930.
- He argued that violence would harm the national movement.
The reply:
- Bhagwati Charan Vohra wrote "The Philosophy of the Bomb" as a reply, after discussions with Chandrashekhar Azad.
- It was issued in January 1930 in the name of the HSRA.
- It explained the aims of the revolutionaries, and defended their use of force against British rule.
- It said that the revolutionaries wanted a socialist revolution, and the end of the exploitation of man by man.
- It was distributed widely across the country.
About Bhagwati Charan Vohra:
- He was born on 15 November 1903 in Lahore.
- He was a close associate of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Chandrashekhar Azad.
- He was one of the founders of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha (1926) at Lahore.
- He took part in planning the attack on the Viceroy's train.
- He died on 28 May 1930, when a bomb he was testing exploded accidentally on the banks of the Ravi river near Lahore; he was preparing an attempt to rescue Bhagat Singh from jail.
His wife:
His wife, Durgawati Devi (Durga Bhabhi), was also a revolutionary.
She helped Bhagat Singh escape from Lahore after the killing of J. P. Saunders (December 1928), by travelling with him disguised as his wife.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad and Sachindra Nath Sanyal were revolutionaries, but they did not write "The Philosophy of the Bomb"; Sanyal wrote "Bandi Jeevan".
Quick tip
Remember: "The Philosophy of the Bomb" (1930) = Bhagwati Charan Vohra (HSRA), reply to Gandhi's "The Cult of the Bomb"; wife Durga Bhabhi.
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Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers the revolutionary side of the freedom struggle in India and abroad: groups such as the Anushilan Samiti, the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen, and Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Questions often ask about an incident and the people involved, such as the Kakori train action (1925), the Lahore Conspiracy Case, the Chittagong armoury raid (1930) and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929). Also learn the founders and headquarters of revolutionary groups formed abroad, such as the Ghadar Party in San Francisco. Practise the revolutionaries questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.