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Question 22 of 76 · Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements
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SSC

The Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP), a Marxist party with roots in the Anushilan movement of Bengal, was established in:

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Answer: Option A — 1940

Detailed Solution

The Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) was founded in March 1940, mainly by former members of the Anushilan Samiti of Bengal.

Background:

  • Many members of the Anushilan Samiti, the revolutionary organisation of Bengal, were imprisoned in the 1930s, including in the Cellular Jail in the Andamans.
  • In prison, many of them studied Marxism and became socialists.
  • They first joined the Congress Socialist Party, but later broke away because of differences.
  • They wanted a separate Marxist party that was independent of both the Congress and the Communist Party of India.

Founding:

  • The RSP was formed at a conference in Ramgarh, Bihar, in March 1940 (at the same time as the Congress session there).
  • Its founders included Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Tridib Chaudhuri and Jatin Chakravarty.

Its ideology:

  • It followed Marxism-Leninism, but it was critical of Stalin's policies.
  • It opposed the Second World War as an imperialist war.

After Independence:

  • The RSP became a political party with a base in West Bengal and Kerala.
  • It has been a part of the Left Front in West Bengal and the United Democratic Front or the Left Democratic Front in Kerala at various times.
  • It has had members in Parliament and in state legislatures.

Other left parties:

  • The Communist Party of India (CPI), founded in the 1920s.
  • The Congress Socialist Party (CSP), founded within the Congress in 1934.
  • The Communist Party of India (Marxist), formed in 1964 after a split in the CPI.

Why not the other options?

  • ✗1920, 1934 and 1950 were the years of other events.

Quick tip

Remember: Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) = founded in 1940 (Ramgarh) by former Anushilan Samiti revolutionaries (Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Tridib Chaudhuri).

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Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements — Preparation

This question tests your understanding of Revolutionaries & Revolutionary Movements, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.

This topic covers the revolutionary side of the freedom struggle in India and abroad: groups such as the Anushilan Samiti, the Ghadar Party and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, revolutionaries such as Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen, and Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army. Questions often ask about an incident and the people involved, such as the Kakori train action (1925), the Lahore Conspiracy Case, the Chittagong armoury raid (1930) and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly (1929). Also learn the founders and headquarters of revolutionary groups formed abroad, such as the Ghadar Party in San Francisco. Practise the revolutionaries questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.

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