SSC
Alluri Sitarama Raju, who led the Rampa rebellion (1922-24) of the tribals against the British, was a freedom fighter from the present-day state of:
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Answer: Option D — Andhra Pradesh
Detailed Solution
Alluri Sitarama Raju, who led the Rampa rebellion of 1922-1924, was a freedom fighter from the Godavari region of present-day Andhra Pradesh.
About Alluri Sitarama Raju:
- He was born on 4 July 1897 at Mogallu (or Pandrangi), in present-day Andhra Pradesh.
- He became a sannyasi (ascetic), and travelled widely, living among the tribals of the hill tracts of the Godavari region.
- He was inspired by the Non-Cooperation Movement, but he believed that armed struggle was necessary.
The Rampa rebellion (Manyam rebellion):
- The tribals (mainly Koyas and Kondadoras) of the Rampa hills were angry about the Madras Forest Act of 1882, which restricted their free movement in the forests and banned shifting cultivation (podu).
- They were also forced to work as labourers on road building, and were exploited by contractors and officials.
- In August 1922, Raju led the tribals in attacks on police stations at Chintapalli, Krishnadevipeta and Rajavommangi, and seized arms and ammunition.
- They carried out a guerrilla war in the forests for nearly two years.
NCERT on the Rampa rebellion:
- NCERT notes that in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh, a militant guerrilla movement spread in the early 1920s.
- Alluri Sitarama Raju claimed that he had a variety of special powers, and the people believed he was an incarnation of God.
- He talked of the greatness of Gandhi, and said he was inspired by the Non-Cooperation Movement; yet he asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force, not non-violence.
The end:
- The British sent a large force of the Assam Rifles to suppress the rebellion.
- Raju was captured and executed in May 1924.
His memory:
- He is remembered as "Manyam Veerudu" (Hero of the Jungles).
- His 125th birth anniversary was celebrated in 2022, and a statue was unveiled at Bhimavaram.
Why not the other options?
- ✗Odisha, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh were the scenes of other tribal movements.
Quick tip
Remember: Alluri Sitarama Raju = Rampa (Manyam) rebellion, Godavari hills, Andhra Pradesh (1922-24; NCERT: "Gudem Hills"); "Manyam Veerudu".
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