Before the 2008 Constitution created a two-house Parliament, the unicameral National Assembly of Bhutan was called the:

The National Assembly of Bhutan, known as the Tshogdu, was established in 1953 by the third King of Bhutan, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. It was a unicameral body until the 2008 Constitution.

The present Parliament of Bhutan:

• Under the Constitution of 2008, Bhutan's Parliament is called the Chi Tshog.
• It consists of the Druk Gyalpo (King), the National Council (upper house) and the National Assembly (lower house, Tshogdu Chenmo).
• The National Council has 25 members: 20 elected from the districts and 5 nominated by the King.
• The National Assembly has 47 members, elected from constituencies.

Transition to democracy:

• The fourth King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, began a process of democratic reform and drafted a constitution.
• He abdicated in 2006 in favour of his son, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck.
• The first general elections were held in 2007 and 2008.
• The Constitution was adopted on 18 July 2008, making Bhutan a constitutional monarchy.

Unique features of Bhutan:

• Bhutan follows the philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH), introduced by the fourth King, rather than focusing only on GDP.
• It is one of the few carbon-negative countries in the world.
• Its capital is Thimphu, and its currency is the ngultrum, which is pegged to the Indian rupee.

India-Bhutan relations:

• The India-Bhutan Treaty of Friendship was signed in 1949 and revised in 2007.
• India helps Bhutan with hydropower projects, such as Chukha, Tala and Mangdechhu, and buys surplus electricity.
• Bhutan is a key partner in India's "Neighbourhood First" policy.

Other parliaments:

• Sejm is the lower house of the Parliament of Poland.
• Khural is the Parliament of Mongolia.
• Majlis is used for the parliaments of Iran and the Maldives.

Why not the other options?

• ✗Sejm, Khural and Majlis belong to other countries.