SSC
Engineers' Day is celebrated in India on 15 September to mark the birth anniversary of:
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Answer: Option C — M. Visvesvaraya
Detailed Solution
Visvesvaraya. Engineers' Day is celebrated in India every year on 15 September, the birth anniversary of Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, one of India's greatest engineers. Sri Lanka and Tanzania also observe Engineers' Day on this date in his honour.
About M. Visvesvaraya (1861-1962):
- He was born on 15 September 1861 in Muddenahalli, in Chikkaballapur district, Karnataka.
- He studied civil engineering at the College of Engineering, Pune.
- He worked for the Public Works Department of Bombay and later in Hyderabad and Mysore.
He designed a system of automatic floodgates, first installed at the Khadakvasla reservoir near Pune in 1903. It was later used at the Tigra dam (Gwalior) and the Krishna Raja Sagara (KRS) dam.
He designed a flood protection system for Hyderabad after the Musi river floods of 1908.
He was the chief engineer of the Krishna Raja Sagara dam across the Kaveri river near Mysore, which was one of the largest reservoirs in Asia when built. The famous Brindavan Gardens lie below it.
He was the Diwan (Prime Minister) of the princely state of Mysore from 1912 to 1918.
During his time, he helped found the Mysore Iron and Steel Works at Bhadravati, the State Bank of Mysore, the Government Engineering College at Bangalore and the University of Mysore (1916).
He wrote "Planned Economy for India" (1934), one of the earliest books on economic planning in India.
Honours:
- He was knighted (KCIE) by the British in 1915.
- He received the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
- He lived to the age of 101 and died on 14 April 1962.
Other days named after scientists:
National Science Day: 28 February (C. V. Raman's discovery of the Raman Effect, 1928).
National Space Day: 23 August (Chandrayaan-3 landing, 2023).
National Technology Day: 11 May (Pokhran-II nuclear tests, 1998).
World Students' Day: 15 October (A. P. J. Abdul Kalam's birthday).
Why not the other options?
Homi J. Bhabha is the "Father of the Indian nuclear programme".
- P. J. Abdul Kalam's birthday, 15 October, is World Students' Day.
Satish Dhawan was an ISRO chairman; the Sriharikota launch centre is named after him.
Quick tip
Remember: Engineers' Day = 15 September (M. Visvesvaraya; KRS dam; automatic floodgates; Diwan of Mysore 1912-18; Bharat Ratna 1955); National Science Day = 28 February; National Technology Day = 11 May.
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Important Days & Dates — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Important Days & Dates, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers national and international days observed through the year, such as National Youth Day, World Environment Day and International Yoga Day, along with the themes announced for them and the events or people they commemorate. Questions ask for the date of a day, the day observed on a given date, or the person it honours (for example, National Sports Day on 29 August marks the birthday of Major Dhyan Chand). Revise days month by month in a calendar format. Themes change every year, so learn the current year's themes from current affairs. Practise the important days questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.