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World Population Day is observed on:
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Answer: Option C — 11 July
Detailed Solution
World Population Day is observed every year on 11 July to draw attention to issues related to population.
History:
On 11 July 1987, the world's population was estimated to have reached about 5 billion. This day was called "Five Billion Day".
Inspired by public interest in Five Billion Day, the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) recommended in 1989 that 11 July be observed as World Population Day.
It was first observed on 11 July 1990.
The day is now led by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), which was established in 1969.
It focuses on issues such as family planning, gender equality, maternal health, poverty, human rights and the effects of population growth on development.
World population milestones:
- 1 billion: around 1804.
- 5 billion: 11 July 1987.
- 6 billion: 1999.
- 7 billion: 31 October 2011.
- 8 billion: 15 November 2022 (as estimated by the UN).
India and population:
- According to UN estimates, India overtook China as the world's most populous country in April 2023.
- According to the 2011 Census, India's population was about 121 crore (1.21 billion).
- Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state, and Sikkim the least populous.
- India was the first country in the world to launch a national family planning programme, in 1952.
- India's National Population Policy was announced in 2000; it aimed to achieve a stable population by 2045.
- India's total fertility rate (TFR) has fallen to about 2.0, below the replacement level of 2.1, according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019-21).
- India's next census is scheduled to be conducted with a reference date of 1 March 2027 (and 1 October 2026 for snowbound areas), and it will include caste enumeration.
Why not the other options?
- ✗11 June has no global population observance.
- ✗15 November 2022 is when the world population reached 8 billion.
- ✗12 August is International Youth Day.
Quick tip
Remember: World Population Day = 11 July ("Five Billion Day", 1987; UNDP recommended 1989; first observed 1990; UNFPA); 8 billion = 15 November 2022; India's family planning programme = 1952 (first in the world).
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Important Days & Dates — Preparation
This question tests your understanding of Important Days & Dates, a key topic in the General Knowledge section. The detailed solution above uses a step-by-step approach to show the reasoning, and where available, a shortcut that helps you solve similar questions in under 90 seconds during the actual exam.
This topic covers national and international days observed through the year, such as National Youth Day, World Environment Day and International Yoga Day, along with the themes announced for them and the events or people they commemorate. Questions ask for the date of a day, the day observed on a given date, or the person it honours (for example, National Sports Day on 29 August marks the birthday of Major Dhyan Chand). Revise days month by month in a calendar format. Themes change every year, so learn the current year's themes from current affairs. Practise the important days questions below, written in the style of the general awareness sections of exams such as SSC, banking, railways, CUET GAT, MAH CET and CLAT. Each question comes with a detailed explanation that adds related facts, so every question helps you revise more than one point.