UPSSSC PET 2022 15 October Shift 1 Question Paper and Answer Key

गद्यांश के अनुसार सत्य की आराधना ही भक्ति है, वही ‘हरि का मार्ग’ है, और लेखक बताता है कि जिस सत्य की तलाश है वह बाहर नहीं, भीतर है ।

अतः सत्य की आराधना करना, हरि के मार्ग पर चलना और अंतर्निहित सत्य का साक्षात्कार करना – तीनों ही रत्न-चिंतामणि पाने के साधन हैं, इसलिए ‘ये सभी’ सही उत्तर है ।

‘चिरस्थाई’ का अर्थ है बहुत लंबे समय तक बना रहने वाला, जबकि गद्यांश में प्रयुक्त ‘क्षणभंगुर’ का अर्थ है क्षण भर में नष्ट हो जाने वाला, इसलिए यही इसका विलोम है ।

‘शाश्वत’ तो चिरस्थाई का समानार्थी है, और ‘निमित्त’ (कारण) तथा ‘श्रद्धा’ (आस्था) का इससे कोई विपरीत अर्थ-संबंध नहीं है ।

गद्यांश कहता है कि सत्य के सम्पूर्ण दर्शन इस क्षणभंगुर देह से संभव नहीं, इसलिए अंत में श्रद्धा की आवश्यकता रह जाती है, और जिस सत्य की तलाश है वह भीतर है ।

अतः श्रद्धापूर्वक अंतःविद्यमान सत्य के मार्ग पर बढ़ना ही सही तरीका है; ‘तलाश असंभव है’ वाला विकल्प गलत है, क्योंकि असंभव केवल सम्पूर्ण दर्शन बताया गया है, तलाश नहीं ।

गद्यांश के अनुसार जिज्ञासु ने देखा कि संकटों के निमित्त नाश करते चलने पर वह आगे नहीं बढ़ता, बल्कि दर-का-दर पर ही रह जाता है ।

पर संकट सहकर वह आगे बढ़ता है, इसलिए संकटों को सहते हुए, निमित्त नाश किए बिना आगे बढ़ना ही सही उत्तर है; नाश करते हुए बढ़ने वाला विकल्प गद्यांश के उलट है ।

गद्यांश में स्पष्ट कहा गया है कि सत्य और अहिंसा का मार्ग जितना सीधा है उतना ही तंग भी है, और उसकी डोर नट की डोर से भी पतली है ।

ज़रा चूकते ही गिरने का डर रहता है, इसलिए इस मार्ग पर चलना तलवार की धार पर चलने जैसा अत्यंत कठिन है; ‘सीधा और सरल’ वाला विकल्प इसके ठीक विपरीत है ।

Ashoka’s edicts call him ‘Devanampiya Piyadassi’, meaning beloved of the gods and of gracious appearance, and the Maski minor rock edict also names him Ashoka. Chandragupta Maurya was his grandfather, while Mahavira and Buddha were religious teachers who did not bear this title.

Pietra dura is the inlay of coloured and semi-precious stones in marble; it became most popular under Shah Jahan and is seen in the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort. Akbar’s buildings mostly used red sandstone, and Aurangzeb built far less.

The Chalcolithic Age is the period when copper was first used along with stone tools; the word comes from Greek chalkos (copper) and lithos (stone). The Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic ages used only stone tools, so they are wrong.

The First Buddhist Council was held at Rajagriha (Rajgir) in the Saptaparni cave around 483 BCE, soon after the Buddha’s death, presided over by Mahakassapa under King Ajatashatru. Pataliputra hosted the third council and Kashmir the fourth.

Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay persuaded Gandhiji in 1930 not to keep the Salt Satyagraha limited to men, and she herself led women in breaking the salt law in Bombay. Pandita Ramabai had died in 1922 and Madam Cama was living abroad at that time.

The East India Company was founded on 31 December 1600 by a charter of Queen Elizabeth I, when the Mughal Emperor Akbar ruled India. The Gupta, Sunga and Maurya dynasties had ended more than a thousand years earlier.

Vinoba Bhave started the Bhoodan movement on 18 April 1951 at Pochampalli village in Telangana, where he received the first land gift; it later grew into the Gramdan movement. Jayaprakash Narayan supported it, but Vinoba was its founder.

Subhas Chandra Bose gave the battle cry ‘Chalo Dilli’ to the soldiers of the Indian National Army in Singapore in 1943; ‘Give me blood and I will give you freedom’ is also his. Bhagat Singh is linked with ‘Inquilab Zindabad’.

According to NCERT, the first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution of 1789, which moved sovereignty from the monarch to the body of citizens through ideas like la patrie and le citoyen. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was about socialism.

Under the Government of India Act, 1935, Sind was separated from the Bombay Presidency and made a new province on 1 April 1936, the same day Orissa was separated from Bihar. The Indian Independence Act, 1947 partitioned the country instead.

Indian Standard Time is taken from the 82.5° E meridian near Mirzapur; the Earth turns 15° in one hour, so 82.5 ÷ 15 = 5.5 hours, and IST is five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

According to NCERT, the economic factors affecting population distribution are minerals, urbanisation and industrialisation, while availability of water, landforms, climate and soils are geographical factors. So availability of water is not an economic factor.

Mount Everest (8848.86 m) lies in the Mahalangur range of the Himalayas on the border of Nepal and Tibet (China); Nepal calls it Sagarmatha and Tibet calls it Chomolungma. It is not on India’s border, so the options with India are wrong.

In October, as the monsoon retreats, skies clear and temperatures rise while the ground is still moist; the high temperature together with high humidity makes the weather oppressive, known as ‘October heat’. The low pressure over the plains is weakening at this time.

In the early stage of development most people work in primary sector activities such as agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing and mining; with development the secondary (industry) and then the tertiary (services) sectors grow. Information technology is part of the tertiary sector.

The Green Revolution strategy of the 1960s used high yielding variety seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and assured irrigation together as one package, so ‘All of these’ is correct. Choosing only one of these parts would be incomplete.

The Kosi river often changes its course and causes severe floods in north Bihar every year, so it is called the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’. The Damodar was called the ‘Sorrow of Bengal’, and the Hooghly and Ghaghara do not carry this name.

The Planning Commission drafted each five year plan, and after the Union Cabinet the National Development Council (NDC) gave the final approval; the NDC was chaired by the Prime Minister with all Chief Ministers as members. The Finance Ministry and Finance Secretary deal with the budget.

Under Part V of the Constitution, the Union Executive consists of the President, the Vice-President, the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister and the Attorney General. Chief Ministers belong to the State Executive under Part VI, so they are not part of the Union Executive.

SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India), set up in 1990 by an Act of Parliament, is a development finance institution that funds micro, small and medium enterprises; it does not take deposits from the public like a commercial bank. HSBC, SBI and ICICI Bank are commercial banks.

A statutory corporation is created by a special Act of Parliament or a State Legislature, such as the Life Insurance Corporation of India (1956) and the Food Corporation of India, and its powers are fixed by that Act. A departmental undertaking runs like a government department, and a sole proprietorship is a private business.

Under Article 241, Parliament may by law set up a High Court for a Union Territory or place it under the jurisdiction of an existing High Court; Delhi, for example, has its own High Court. Neither the Supreme Court nor the President has this power.

Article 124, in Chapter IV of Part V, provides for the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court, including the appointment of the Chief Justice and other judges. Article 118 deals with rules of procedure, 120 with the language of Parliament and 122 bars courts from inquiring into proceedings of Parliament.

The Supreme Court under Article 32 and the High Courts under Article 226 enforce Fundamental Rights by issuing writs such as habeas corpus and mandamus. Members of Parliament make laws and the President heads the executive; they do not enforce these rights through the courts.

The National Human Rights Commission is a statutory body set up under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993; administratively it is linked to the Union Ministry of Home Affairs, through which its budget and rules are handled. The Defence and Finance Ministries are not its parent ministries.

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs in which bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, viruses or fungi fill the air sacs (alveoli) with fluid or pus, making breathing difficult. The heart, liver and kidneys are not the organs it mainly affects.

Nylon is a synthetic fibre made by Wallace Carothers in 1935 from chemicals obtained from coal, water and air. Jute, flax and cotton are natural fibres obtained from plants, so each of them is a plant fibre.

A star’s colour depends on its surface temperature: the hottest stars look blue or white, medium ones yellow like the Sun, and cooler stars red. Distance from the Earth changes only how bright a star looks, not its colour.

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and water vapour trap the heat leaving the Earth and so cause global warming. Oxygen is not a greenhouse gas, and CNG and PNG are fuels that are cleaner than petrol or coal.

चरण 1: अंश का हर पद हर के संगत पद का 10 गुना है: 0.05 = 10 × 0.005, 0.41 = 10 × 0.041 और 0.073 = 10 × 0.0073 ।

चरण 2: वर्ग करने पर हर पद 10 × 10 = 100 गुना हो जाता है, इसलिए अंश = 100 × हर और व्यंजक का मान 100 है ।

चरण 1: 5.46 × 5.46 = 29.8116, इसलिए $\sqrt{29.8116}=5.46$; और 8.8 × 8.8 = 77.44, इसलिए $\sqrt{77.44}=8.8$ ।

चरण 2: योग = 5.46 + 8.8 = 14.26 ।

The plant cell wall is made mainly of cellulose, a polysaccharide built from glucose units that gives the cell strength and shape. Glucose, fructose and sucrose are small sugars and do not form the framework of the wall.

चरण 1: 5.21 × 6.32 = 32.9272 ।

चरण 2: 32.9272 − 2.9272 = 30, क्योंकि दोनों संख्याओं का दशमलव भाग .9272 एक समान है ।

पार्वती, रुद्राणी और भवानी – तीनों भगवान शिव की पत्नी देवी पार्वती के नाम हैं, इसलिए ये परस्पर पर्यायवाची हैं ।

अन्य विकल्पों में ‘तिक्त’ का अर्थ कड़वा है (रीता और रिक्त का अर्थ खाली), ‘अंबक’ का अर्थ आँख है और ‘निलय’ का अर्थ घर है, इसलिए वे समूह पर्यायवाची नहीं हैं ।

‘नूतन’ का अर्थ नया और ‘पुरातन’ का अर्थ पुराना है, इसलिए यह सही विलोम-युग्म है ।

‘जोड़’ और ‘मेल’ समानार्थी हैं, ‘निषिद्ध’ का विलोम ‘विहित’ है और ‘कर्कश’ का विलोम ‘मधुर’ या ‘कोमल’ है, इसलिए अन्य युग्म गलत हैं ।

‘खयाली पुलाव पकाना’ का अर्थ है ऐसी बातों की कल्पना करना जो कभी पूरी नहीं हो सकतीं, अर्थात असंभव बातों की कल्पना करना ।

उदाहरण: बिना मेहनत के अमीर बनने के खयाली पुलाव पकाने से कुछ नहीं मिलता; ‘भूला हुआ दुःख याद आना’ का अर्थ ‘पुराने घाव हरे होना’ है ।

‘महर्षि’ = महा + ऋषि; यहाँ गुण संधि है, जिसमें आ और ऋ मिलकर ‘अर्’ हो जाते हैं, इसलिए महा + ऋषि से महर्षि बनता है ।

इसी प्रकार राजा + ऋषि = राजर्षि और देव + ऋषि = देवर्षि बनते हैं; अन्य विकल्पों के शब्द-खंड सही नहीं हैं ।

‘अवलंब’ का अर्थ सहारा या आश्रय है और ‘अविलम्ब’ का अर्थ बिना देर किए अर्थात तुरंत है, इसलिए ‘अधर – विलोकित’ वाला अर्थ-भेद गलत है ।

अन्य युग्म सही हैं: अनिल का अर्थ हवा और अनल का अर्थ आग, अंश का अर्थ हिस्सा और अंस का अर्थ कंधा, अपेक्षा का अर्थ आशा और उपेक्षा का अर्थ निरादर है ।

The passage clearly says that her big brother Jack was never the outdoor type, which is why her dad took Caroline fishing so often. So the answer is No, and the passage does state it.

The passage says that it was time to collect squid for bait, and later that thousands of squid were collected for bait. So the squids were collected for baiting, not for selling, eating or cooking.

Lexicography is the practice of writing, editing or compiling dictionaries, and a person who does it is a lexicographer. Philology is the study of the history of languages, psychology studies the mind, and a biography is a life story.

Partial means only in part or not complete, so its synonym is incomplete. Intact, unbroken and perfect all mean whole or complete, which is close to the opposite of partial.

Disappoint means to fail to fulfil someone’s hopes, so its opposite is satisfy, which means to fulfil hopes or needs. Meet, sale and example are not opposite to disappoint in meaning.

In August 2022, after US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi visited Taiwan, China held its largest-ever military drills around the island, including live-fire exercises and missile launches. The USA opposed these drills, and Russia and Israel were not involved.

India’s first underwater metro is in Kolkata, where the East-West Metro runs through a tunnel under the Hooghly river between Howrah and Esplanade; this stretch opened to passengers in March 2024. Pune, Hyderabad and Bengaluru have no such section.

In August 2022, Prof. Jacob Hanna’s team at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel created the world’s first synthetic mouse embryos from stem cells alone, without sperm, eggs or a womb. The work was published in the journal Cell.

On 29 July 2022, Prime Minister Modi launched IIBX, India’s first international bullion exchange, at GIFT City (GIFT IFSC) in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, to make gold and silver trading more transparent. Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Goa are not linked to it.

The ‘Badhe Chalo’ campaign was launched by the Ministry of Culture in August 2022 under Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav to involve young people with a message of patriotism and unity. The Education, External Affairs and Home Ministries did not run it.

In the last week of July 2022, the Indian Army held ‘Skylight’, a five-day pan-India satellite communication exercise that tested satellite links from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to Ladakh. There was no such exercise named Spacelight or Moonlight.

Akasa Air’s first commercial flight flew from Mumbai to Ahmedabad on 7 August 2022 and was flagged off by Civil Aviation Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia; the airline was backed by Rakesh Jhunjhunwala. The other city pairs are not linked to this first flight.

In August 2022, Goa became India’s first ‘Har Ghar Jal’ certified state under the Jal Jeevan Mission, after gram sabhas certified tap water in every rural home; Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu became the first such Union Territory.

India’s neighbours are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar by land, and Sri Lanka and the Maldives by sea. The United Arab Emirates lies on the Arabian Peninsula and shares no border with India.

In July 2022, IIT Madras launched the ‘Nilekani Centre at AI4Bharat’ with a grant from Nandan and Rohini Nilekani to build open-source language technology and datasets for Indian languages. IIT Kanpur, Hyderabad and Bombay are not linked to it.

On 30 July 2022, the National Conference on Drug Trafficking and National Security at Chandigarh was chaired by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, and seized narcotics were destroyed in several cities on the same occasion. The other leaders did not chair it.

Under Article 84, the minimum age to be a member of the Lok Sabha is 25 years; it is 30 years for the Rajya Sabha and 18 years for voting. 21 years is the minimum age for contesting panchayat and municipal elections.

The International Day for Biological Diversity is observed every year on 22 May, marking the adoption of the text of the Convention on Biological Diversity at Nairobi on 22 May 1992. Before 2000 it was observed on 29 December.

Majuli, on the Brahmaputra in Assam, was recognised by Guinness World Records in 2016 as the largest river island in the world, and it is also India’s first island district. Manpura (Bangladesh), Srirangam (Kaveri) and Lulu (Canada) are much smaller.

The national currency of Hungary is the Hungarian forint (HUF), in use since 1946; Hungary is an EU member but has not adopted the euro. The naira is Nigeria’s currency, and the pound is used by Britain, Egypt and others.

After Potti Sriramulu died following a 58-day fast, the Telugu-speaking areas of Madras State were made into Andhra State on 1 October 1953, the first state formed on a linguistic basis. Kerala was formed in 1956 and Maharashtra in 1960.

‘Powers of the Mind’ is by Swami Vivekananda and is based on his lectures on the strength of the mind, concentration and self-development; his other works include ‘Raja Yoga’ and ‘Karma Yoga’. Gandhiji wrote ‘Hind Swaraj’ and Tagore wrote ‘Gitanjali’.

UNFCCC stands for United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; it was adopted at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, came into force in 1994, and its yearly meeting is called the COP. The names with Federation or Council are wrong.

Nautanki is a famous folk theatre and dance form of Uttar Pradesh that tells a story through songs, music, dance and dialogue; Kanpur and Hathras are its two main styles. Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka have their own different folk forms.

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has its headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland; it was founded by Pierre de Coubertin in Paris in 1894 and moved to Lausanne in 1915. Its headquarters are not in the USA or Germany.

गद्यांश कहता है कि साहित्य समाज के प्रति अपना दायित्व निभाते हुए अनैतिकता, अराजकता और निरंकुशता जैसे तत्त्वों के दुष्प्रभावों को मर्मस्पर्शी रूप में हमारे सामने लाता है ।

इसलिए दुष्प्रभावों को सामने लाकर ही वह दायित्व निभाता है; ‘दर्पण’ तो केवल चित्र प्रस्तुत करना है, जिसे गद्यांश दायित्व-निर्वाह से अलग बताता है ।

पूरा गद्यांश यह बताता है कि साहित्य समाज को और समाज साहित्य को कैसे प्रभावित करता है, तथा साहित्यकार का समाज के प्रति क्या दायित्व है ।

अतः ‘साहित्य और समाज’ सबसे उचित शीर्षक है; केवल ‘समाज’ अधूरा है और साहित्य के ‘भविष्य’ या ‘शिक्षा’ की चर्चा गद्यांश में नहीं है ।

गद्यांश के अनुसार समाज के प्रति साहित्यकार का दायित्व आशा का संचार करना और उत्साह व कर्तव्यबोध को दिशा देना है, जो पहले विकल्प से मेल खाता है ।

तोप-तलवार के प्रयोग की बात गद्यांश में नहीं है, और गद्यांश स्पष्ट कहता है कि सत्साहित्य का रचनाकार कल्याणकारी मार्ग दिखाने से कभी पीछे नहीं हटता ।

गद्यांश कहता है कि साहित्य से ही किसी राष्ट्र का इतिहास, गरिमा, संस्कृति, सभ्यता, पूर्वजों के विचारों और अनुसंधानों की जानकारी प्राप्त होती है ।

इसलिए तत्कालीन साहित्य से ही पुरानी पीढ़ियों का ज्ञान मिलता है; अंतिम विकल्प इसका उलटा कहता है, और बुराइयों वाला विकल्प पूरी बात नहीं बताता ।

गद्यांश के अनुसार यदि साहित्य केवल दर्पण होता तो साहित्यकार समाज की विसंगतियों और विडंबनाओं पर प्रहार नहीं करता और दिशा बोध देने का प्रयास भी नहीं करता ।

अतः साहित्य विडंबनाओं पर प्रहार करके सुधार लाने का प्रयास करता है; केवल दर्शाने वाला या दुष्प्रभाव छिपाने वाला विकल्प गद्यांश के विपरीत है ।